Target Information

Target General Infomation
Target ID
T78464
Former ID
TTDS00041
Target Name
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2
Gene Name
PTGS2
Synonyms
COX-2; Cyclooxygenase -2; Cyclooxygenase 2; Cyclooxygenase-2; Heme-protein prostaglandin G/H synthase; PGH synthase 2; PGHS-2; PHS II; Prostaglandin H2 synthase 2; Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2; PTGS2
Target Type
Successful
Disease Arthritis [ICD9: 710-719; ICD10: M00-M25]
Alzheimer disease [ICD9: 331; ICD10: G30]
Asthma [ICD10: J45]
Cancer [ICD9: 140-229; ICD10: C00-C96]
Chronic pain; Ankylosing spondylitis [ICD9:338.2, 780, 720; ICD10: R52.1-R52.2, G89, M08.1, M45]
Colon polyps [ICD10: K63.5]
Dysmenorrhea [ICD9: 625.3; ICD10: N94.4-N94.6]
Gout [ICD9: 274.00274.1274.8274.9; ICD10: M10]
Hyperthermia [ICD10: T68]
Inflammatory disease [ICD9: 140-229, 147, 173, 573.3, 710-719; ICD10: C11, C44, K75.9, M00-M25]
Inflammation [ICD10: E08-E13, E10.2, E11, E11.2, E13.2, I73.9, I80-I82, N00-N29, G89]
Inflammatory bowel disease [ICD9: 555, 556; ICD10: K50, K51]
Joint and muscular pain; Arthritis; Dysmenorrhea [ICD10: M00-M25, N94]
Knee osteoarthritis [ICD9: 715; ICD10: M15-M19, M47]
Moderate to severe rheumatoid arthritis [ICD10: M05-M06]
Neuropathic pain [ICD9: 356.0, 356.8; ICD10: G64, G90.0]
Non-small cell lung cancer; Pancreatic cancer; Rheumatoid arthritis [ICD9:140-199, 140-229, 157, 210-229, 710-719, 714; ICD10: C33-C34, C25, M05-M06]
Osteoarthritis [ICD9: 715; ICD10: M15-M19, M47]
Osteoarthritis; Rheumatoid arthritis [ICD9: 714, 715; ICD10: M05-M06, M15-M19, M47]
Osteoarthritis; Neuropathic pain [ICD9: 338, 356.0, 356.8, 715,780; ICD10: G64, G90.0, M15-M19, M47, R52, G89]
Pain [ICD9: 338, 356.0, 356.8,780; ICD10: G64, G90.0, R52, G89]
Pain; Osteoarthritis [ICD9:338, 356.0, 356.8, 780, 715; ICD10: G64, G90.0, R52, G89, M15-M19, M47]
Pain; Endometriosis [ICD9: 338, 617.0,780; ICD10: N80, R52, G89]
Rheumatoid arthritis [ICD9: 710-719, 714; ICD10: M05-M06]
Rheumatoid arthritis; Dysmenorrhea [ICD9:710-719, 714, 625.3; ICD10: M05-M06, N94.4-N94.6]
Rheumatold arthritis; Pain [ICD9: 338, 714,780; ICD10: M05-M06, R52, G89]
Rheumatold arthritis; Osteoarthritis [ICD9: 714, 715; ICD10: M05-M06, M15-M19, M47]
Rheumatold arthritis; Osteoarthritis; Dysmenorrhea [ICD9:714, 715, 625.3; ICD10: M05-M06, M15-M19, M47, N94.4-N94.6]
Type 2 diabetes [ICD9: 250; ICD10: E11]
Unspecified [ICD code not available]
Function
Converts arachidonate to prostaglandin H2 (PGH2),a committed step in prostanoid synthesis. Constitutively expressed in some tissues in physiological conditions, such as the endothelium, kidney and brain, and in pathological conditions, such as in cancer. PTGS2 is responsible for production of inflammatory prostaglandins. Up-regulation of PTGS2 is also associated with increased cell adhesion, phenotypic changes, resistance to apoptosis and tumorangiogenesis. In cancer cells, PTGS2 is a key step in the production of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), which plays important roles in modulating motility, proliferation and resistance to apoptosis.
BioChemical Class
Oxidoreductases acting on paired donors
Target Validation
T78464
UniProt ID
P35354
EC Number
EC 1.14.99.1
Sequence
MLARALLLCAVLALSHTANPCCSHPCQNRGVCMSVGFDQYKCDCTRTGFYGENCSTPEFL
TRIKLFLKPTPNTVHYILTHFKGFWNVVNNIPFLRNAIMSYVLTSRSHLIDSPPTYNADY
GYKSWEAFSNLSYYTRALPPVPDDCPTPLGVKGKKQLPDSNEIVEKLLLRRKFIPDPQGS
NMMFAFFAQHFTHQFFKTDHKRGPAFTNGLGHGVDLNHIYGETLARQRKLRLFKDGKMKY
QIIDGEMYPPTVKDTQAEMIYPPQVPEHLRFAVGQEVFGLVPGLMMYATIWLREHNRVCD
VLKQEHPEWGDEQLFQTSRLILIGETIKIVIEDYVQHLSGYHFKLKFDPELLFNKQFQYQ
NRIAAEFNTLYHWHPLLPDTFQIHDQKYNYQQFIYNNSILLEHGITQFVESFTRQIAGRV
AGGRNVPPAVQKVSQASIDQSRQMKYQSFNEYRKRFMLKPYESFEELTGEKEMSAELEAL
YGDIDAVELYPALLVEKPRPDAIFGETMVEVGAPFSLKGLMGNVICSPAYWKPSTFGGEV
GFQIINTASIQSLICNNVKGCPFTSFSVPDPELIKTVTINASSSRSGLDDINPTVLLKER
STEL
Drugs and Mode of Action
Drug(s) Aminosalicylic Acid Drug Info Approved Inflammatory bowel disease [551871]
Carprofen Drug Info Approved Pain [538508], [542149]
Celecoxib Drug Info Approved Rheumatold arthritis; Osteoarthritis [536772], [539915]
Diflunisal Drug Info Approved Pain [538256], [542171]
Etodolac Drug Info Approved Pain [538288], [542196]
Etoricoxib Drug Info Approved Rheumatold arthritis; Osteoarthritis [536058], [539919]
FENBUFEN Drug Info Approved Arthritis [551871]
Flufenamic Acid Drug Info Approved Dysmenorrhea [539575], [551871]
Flurbiprofen Drug Info Approved Rheumatoid arthritis [467529], [538273]
Ibuprofen Drug Info Approved Pain [536772], [539773]
Indomethacin Drug Info Approved Moderate to severe rheumatoid arthritis [551871]
Ketoprofen Drug Info Approved Rheumatold arthritis; Pain [468024], [538253]
Lumiracoxib Drug Info Approved Knee osteoarthritis [536058], [539920]
Meclofenamate Sodium Drug Info Approved Joint and muscular pain; Arthritis; Dysmenorrhea [551871]
Mefenamic acid Drug Info Approved Rheumatold arthritis; Osteoarthritis; Dysmenorrhea [538469], [539671], [551871]
Meloxicam Drug Info Approved Arthritis [524822], [542235], [551871]
Nabumetone Drug Info Approved Pain [523116], [542262]
Naproxen Drug Info Approved Osteoarthritis; Rheumatoid arthritis [551871]
Niflumic Acid Drug Info Approved Rheumatoid arthritis; Dysmenorrhea [539567], [550701], [551871]
Phenylbutazone Drug Info Approved Chronic pain; Ankylosing spondylitis [536447], [542290], [551871]
Rofecoxib Drug Info Approved Osteoarthritis [536772], [539916]
Tenoxicam Drug Info Approved Rheumatold arthritis; Osteoarthritis [527467], [527583], [550768]
Tiaprofenic acid Drug Info Approved Pain; Osteoarthritis [550690], [551871]
Tolmetin Drug Info Approved Rheumatold arthritis; Osteoarthritis [538251], [542334], [551871]
Valdecoxib Drug Info Approved Osteoarthritis; Rheumatoid arthritis [536232], [539917]
IMRECOXIB Drug Info Phase 4 Discovery agent [524526]
Celecoxib Drug Info Phase 3 Pain [536772], [539915]
CG-100649 Drug Info Phase 3 Arthritis [524183], [543067]
Curcumin Drug Info Phase 3 Cancer [532348], [542031]
diclofenac sodium patch Drug Info Phase 3 Unspecified [1559699]
DOCOSAHEXAENOIC ACID Drug Info Phase 3 Alzheimer disease [538634]
Ketoprofen Drug Info Phase 3 Pain [526212], [526261]
ketoprofen patch Drug Info Phase 3 Unspecified [526212], [526261]
ThermoProfen Drug Info Phase 3 Pain [522046]
Darbufelone Drug Info Phase 2/3 Asthma [532278]
CIMICOXIB Drug Info Phase 2 Pain [522081]
FK-3311 Drug Info Phase 2 Rheumatoid arthritis [528936]
Naproxen Drug Info Phase 2 Pain [468283], [523066]
SC-75416 Drug Info Phase 2 Pain [549824]
RWJ-67657 Drug Info Phase 1 Arthritis [525614]
INDOPROFEN Drug Info Withdrawn from market Gout [551871]
Nimesulide Drug Info Withdrawn from market Discovery agent [523284], [542424]
GW-406381 Drug Info Discontinued in Phase 3 Osteoarthritis; Neuropathic pain [536374]
PRINOMIDE TROMETHAMINE Drug Info Discontinued in Phase 3 Inflammation [544513]
Apricoxib Drug Info Discontinued in Phase 2 Non-small cell lung cancer; Pancreatic cancer; Rheumatoid arthritis [548493]
CRx-401 Drug Info Discontinued in Phase 2 Type 2 diabetes [547745]
GSK-644784 Drug Info Discontinued in Phase 2 Neuropathic pain [536374]
R-KETOPROFEN Drug Info Discontinued in Phase 2 Discovery agent [546255]
RQ-00317076 Drug Info Discontinued in Phase 2 Pain [549268]
S-2474 Drug Info Discontinued in Phase 2 Rheumatoid arthritis [546762]
TEBUFELONE Drug Info Discontinued in Phase 2 Pain [545171]
Tilmacoxib Drug Info Discontinued in Phase 2 Colon polyps [546604]
DUP 697 Drug Info Discontinued in Phase 1 Pain [544772]
E-6087 Drug Info Discontinued in Phase 1 Pain [547425]
GR-253035 Drug Info Discontinued in Phase 1 Alzheimer disease [546666]
SC-57666 Drug Info Discontinued in Phase 1 Rheumatoid arthritis [546187]
ATLIPROFEN METHYL ESTER Drug Info Terminated Inflammation [544774]
Flosulide Drug Info Terminated Pain [544771]
FR-123826 Drug Info Terminated Rheumatoid arthritis [546414]
L-745337 Drug Info Terminated Asthma [545938]
L-768277 Drug Info Terminated Hyperthermia [546606]
NMI-150 Drug Info Terminated Pain [547873]
NS398 Drug Info Terminated Pain; Endometriosis [545169]
ON-09300 Drug Info Terminated Cancer [547989]
RPR 200765A Drug Info Terminated Rheumatoid arthritis [547101]
RWJ-63556 Drug Info Terminated Arthritis [534446]
S-33516 Drug Info Terminated Arthritis [547095]
SB 203580 Drug Info Terminated Discovery agent [540732], [546259]
SC-236 Drug Info Terminated Cancer [547069]
SC-58125 Drug Info Terminated Discovery agent [545991]
SC-58451 Drug Info Terminated Discovery agent [546186]
Inhibitor (11H-Dibenzo[b,e][1,4]dioxepin-2-yl)-acetic acid Drug Info [533456]
(11H-Dibenzo[b,e][1,4]dioxepin-7-yl)-acetic acid Drug Info [533456]
(11H-Dibenzo[b,e][1,4]dioxepin-8-yl)-acetic acid Drug Info [533456]
(E)-2-(4-(methylsulfonyl)styryl)furan Drug Info [531229]
(E)-2-(4-(methylsulfonyl)styryl)thiophene Drug Info [531229]
(E)-3-(4-(methylsulfonyl)styryl)thiophene Drug Info [531229]
(E)-4-(2-(furan-2-yl)vinyl)benzenesulfonamide Drug Info [531229]
(E)-4-(2-(thiophen-2-yl)vinyl)benzenesulfonamide Drug Info [531229]
(E)-4-(2-(thiophen-3-yl)vinyl)benzenesulfonamide Drug Info [531229]
(R)-2-(4-Isobutyl-phenyl)-N-phenyl-propionamide Drug Info [527602]
(S)-FLURBIPROFEN Drug Info [527602]
(Z)-2'-des-methyl sulindac sulfide Drug Info [530116]
1,2-dihydro-3-(2,3,4-trimethoxyphenyl)naphthalene Drug Info [528934]
1,3-bis(nitrooxy)propan-2-yl 2-acetoxybenzoate Drug Info [530105]
1-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-3-p-tolylprop-2-en-1-one Drug Info [529976]
1-(4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl)-1H-indole Drug Info [531135]
1-(4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl)-1H-pyrrole Drug Info [531135]
1-(4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl)-3-p-tolylurea Drug Info [529273]
1-(4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl)-3-phenylurea Drug Info [529273]
1-(4-aminosulfonylphenyl)-2-(2-pyridyl)acetylene Drug Info [529156]
2'-hydroxy-3,4,5-trimethoxychalcone Drug Info [529976]
2'-Hydroxychalcone Drug Info [529976]
2,3-dimethoxy-2'-hydroxychalcone Drug Info [529976]
2,4'-Dimethoxy-5,3'-di-(2-propenyl)-biphenyl Drug Info [530176]
2,4'-Dimethoxy-5,3'-dipropyl-biphenyl Drug Info [530176]
2,4-dimethoxy-2'-hydroxychalcone Drug Info [529976]
2,6-dihydroxy-1,7-dimethoxyxanthone Drug Info [527828]
2-(2,3,4-trimethoxyphenyl)-1H-indene Drug Info [528934]
2-(2-(2,6-dimethylphenylamino)phenyl)acetic acid Drug Info [528789]
2-(3-Phenyl-propyl)-1,2-dihydro-indazol-3-one Drug Info [529474]
2-(4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl)-3-phenylquinoline Drug Info [530629]
2-(4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl)pyridine Drug Info [531135]
2-(N-(2-Ffuorophenyl)pyrrol-3-yl) acetic acid Drug Info [528854]
2-(N-(2-fluorophenyl)pyrrol-2-yl) acetic acid Drug Info [528854]
2-(p-Methylsulfonylbenzoyl)furan Drug Info [531135]
2-Benzyl-1,2-dihydro-indazol-3-one Drug Info [529474]
2-Furan-2-ylmethyl-1,2-dihydro-indazol-3-one Drug Info [529474]
2-Methyl-1,2-dihydro-indazol-3-one Drug Info [529474]
2-Naphthalen-2-ylmethyl-1,2-dihydro-indazol-3-one Drug Info [529474]
2-Phenethyl-1,2-dihydro-indazol-3-one Drug Info [529474]
2-Phenyl-1,2-dihydro-indazol-3-one Drug Info [529474]
3 beta-O-acetyloleanolic acid Drug Info [528272]
3,4-dibenzyloxy-2'-hydroxychalcone Drug Info [529976]
3,4-dihydroxyxanthone Drug Info [527828]
3-(4-Methanesulfonyl-phenyl)-1-phenyl-propynone Drug Info [527727]
3-benzyloxy-4-methoxy-2'-hydroxychalcone Drug Info [529976]
3-Bromo-2'-hydroxy-4-methoxychalcone Drug Info [529976]
4,5-Bis(4-chlorophenyl)-1,2-selenazole Drug Info [529127]
4,5-Bis(4-chlorophenyl)isothiazole Drug Info [529881]
4,5-Bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-1,2-selenazole Drug Info [529127]
4,5-Bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-3H-1,2-dithiol-3-one Drug Info [529881]
4,5-Bis(4-methoxyphenyl)isothiazole Drug Info [529881]
4-((4-methoxyphenyl)diazenyl)benzenesulfonamide Drug Info [528283]
4-(3-hydroxy-benzylideneamino)-benzenesulfonamide Drug Info [529203]
4-(3-methoxy-benzylideneamino)-benzenesulfonamide Drug Info [529203]
4-(3-nitro-benzylideneamino)-benzenesulfonamide Drug Info [529203]
4-(4-Chlorophenyl)-5-p-tolyl-1,2-selenazole Drug Info [529127]
4-(4-fluoro-benzylideneamino)-benzenesulfonamide Drug Info [529203]
4-(4-fluoro-phenyliminomethyl)-benzenesulfonamide Drug Info [529203]
4-(4-hydroxy-benzylideneamino)-benzenesulfonamide Drug Info [529203]
4-(4-methoxy-benzylideneamino)-benzenesulfonamide Drug Info [529203]
4-(4-methyl-benzylideneamino)-benzenesulfonamide Drug Info [529203]
4-(4-methyl-phenyliminomethyl)-benzenesulfonamide Drug Info [529203]
4-(4-nitro-benzylideneamino)-benzenesulfonamide Drug Info [529203]
4-(benzylideneamino)benzenesulfonamide Drug Info [529203]
4-amino-N-(4-chlorophenyl)benzenesulfonamide Drug Info [528508]
4-amino-N-(4-iodophenyl)benzenesulfonamide Drug Info [528508]
4-benzyloxy-2'-hydroxychalcone Drug Info [529976]
4-fluoro-N-(4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl)aniline Drug Info [531135]
4-phenyliminomethyl-benzenesulfonamide Drug Info [529203]
5,3'-Dipropyl-biphenyl-2,4'-diol Drug Info [530176]
5-(2-Imidazol-1-yl-ethyl)-7,8-dihydro-quinoline Drug Info [525760]
5-(4-Chlorophenyl)-4-p-tolyl-1,2-selenazole Drug Info [529127]
5-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-4-p-tolyl-1,2-selenazole Drug Info [529127]
5-Ethyl-3,4-diphenyl-isoxazole Drug Info [527215]
5-methoxy-2-(4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl)-1H-indole Drug Info [530236]
5-Methyl-3,4-diphenyl-isoxazole Drug Info [527215]
5-Phenyl-pentanoic acid benzyl-hydroxy-amide Drug Info [532882]
5-thia-8,11,14,17-eicosatetraenoic acid Drug Info [526089]
6,7'-oxybis(2-phenyl-4H-chromen-4-one) Drug Info [529827]
8alpha,19-dihydroxylabd-13 E-en-15-oic acid Drug Info [529467]
Apricoxib Drug Info [530463]
B-Octylglucoside Drug Info [551393]
Bimetopyrole Drug Info [536606]
Carprofen Drug Info [536327]
Celecoxib Drug Info [536549], [549843], [549974]
CG-100649 Drug Info [532911]
CLEMATOMANDSHURICA SAPONIN A Drug Info [528538]
CLEMATOMANDSHURICA SAPONIN B Drug Info [528538]
COX-2 inhibitors Drug Info [543413]
CR-4174 Drug Info [543413]
CRx-401 Drug Info [522072]
Curcumin Drug Info [527489]
CX-9051 Drug Info [543413]
DFU Drug Info [535003]
Diflunisal Drug Info [535160]
DOCOSAHEXAENOIC ACID Drug Info [526089]
DUP 697 Drug Info [536606]
E-6087 Drug Info [527028], [551871]
Etodolac Drug Info [535206], [536446]
Etoricoxib Drug Info [537000], [537380]
FENBUFEN Drug Info [530153]
Firocoxib Drug Info [525574]
Flufenamic Acid Drug Info [551392]
Fluoro loxoprofen Drug Info [531221]
FR-123826 Drug Info [546415]
Furan-3-yl(4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl)methanone Drug Info [531135]
GSK-644784 Drug Info [536374]
GW-406381 Drug Info [536374]
GW-637185X Drug Info [530203]
Heme Drug Info [551374]
HONOKIOL Drug Info [530176]
Ibuprofen Drug Info [535585], [537246], [538149]
IMRECOXIB Drug Info [530021]
INDOPROFEN Drug Info [527602]
Ketoprofen Drug Info [536440]
L-748780 Drug Info [551313]
L-761000 Drug Info [551313]
LINOLENIC ACID Drug Info [526089]
LM-4108 Drug Info [530627]
Lumiracoxib Drug Info [537120]
Mefenamic acid Drug Info [538129]
Meloxicam Drug Info [534421]
METHYLHONOKIOL Drug Info [530176]
Microxine Drug Info [537922]
N-(1H-indazol-5-yl)acetamide Drug Info [529838]
N-(3-(phenylthio)pyridin-4-yl)methanesulfonamide Drug Info [530415]
N-(3-phenoxy-4-pyridinyl)ethanesulfonamide Drug Info [527352]
N-(3-phenylamino-4-pyridinyl)methanesulfonamide Drug Info [530415]
Nabumetone Drug Info [526187]
Naproxen Drug Info [525885]
Naproxene Drug Info [536772]
Nectamazin C Drug Info [530493]
NEOLIGNAN 9-NOR-7,8-DEHYDRO-ISOLICARIN B Drug Info [530493]
Niflumic Acid Drug Info [536416]
Nimesulide Drug Info [551378]
NMI-150 Drug Info [544345]
NS398 Drug Info [536772]
NSAIDs Drug Info [535528]
NSC-27236 Drug Info [528283]
OCOPHYLLALS A Drug Info [530493]
OCOPHYLLALS B Drug Info [530493]
Oxametacin Drug Info [529146]
PAC-10649 Drug Info [549744]
PHENIDONE Drug Info [529474]
Phenylbutazone Drug Info [536097]
Prifelone Drug Info [527799]
Primary alcohol metabolite of celecoxib Drug Info [529754]
PRINOMIDE TROMETHAMINE Drug Info [526385], [551871]
Prostaglandin G2 Drug Info [551374]
R-KETOPROFEN Drug Info [527602]
Resveratrol Potassium3-Sulfate Drug Info [530955]
Resveratrol Potassium4,-Sulfate Drug Info [530955]
Rofecoxib Drug Info [535528], [535660], [535785], [535836], [536549]
RPR 200765A Drug Info [535126]
RQ-00317076 Drug Info [551562]
RWJ-67657 Drug Info [535386]
S-2474 Drug Info [526157]
S-33516 Drug Info [549752]
SB 202190 Drug Info [535059]
SB 203580 Drug Info [535005]
SB 239063 Drug Info [535290]
SC-236 Drug Info [527033]
SC-558 Drug Info [530753]
SC-57666 Drug Info [534599]
SC-58125 Drug Info [530207]
SC-58451 Drug Info [551307]
SC-75416 Drug Info [529055]
Silicon-modified indomethacin Drug Info [543413]
TEBUFELONE Drug Info [534599]
TENOSAL Drug Info [550917], [551871]
Tenoxicam Drug Info [536034], [536149]
ThermoProfen Drug Info [530772]
THIOCTIC ACID Drug Info [529127]
Tiaprofenic acid Drug Info [537672]
Tilmacoxib Drug Info [526297]
Tolmetin Drug Info [537246]
Topical etoricoxib Drug Info [543413]
Valdecoxib Drug Info [536232]
WOGONIN Drug Info [529976]
XGP-110 Drug Info [543413]
Modulator Aminosalicylic Acid Drug Info [556264]
ATLIPROFEN METHYL ESTER Drug Info [556264]
CIMICOXIB Drug Info
Darbufelone Drug Info [532278]
diclofenac sodium patch Drug Info
FK-3311 Drug Info [528936]
Flosulide Drug Info [525636]
Flurbiprofen Drug Info
GR-253035 Drug Info [544016]
Indomethacin Drug Info [556264]
ketoprofen patch Drug Info [526212], [526261]
L-745337 Drug Info
L-768277 Drug Info [551650]
Meclofenamate Sodium Drug Info
Nitroflurbiprofen Drug Info
ON-09300 Drug Info [556264]
RWJ-63556 Drug Info [534446]
Regulator (upregulator) C-myb Drug Info [534981]
Target Expression Profile (TEP) and Drug Resistance Mutation (DRM)
TEP EXP Info
DRM DRM Info
Pathways
BioCyc Pathway Aspirin-triggered lipoxin biosynthesis
Aspirin triggered resolvin D biosynthesis
C20 prostanoid biosynthesis
Aspirin triggered resolvin E biosynthesis
KEGG Pathway Arachidonic acid metabolism
Metabolic pathways
NF-kappa B signaling pathway
VEGF signaling pathway
TNF signaling pathway
Retrograde endocannabinoid signaling
Serotonergic synapse
Ovarian steroidogenesis
Oxytocin signaling pathway
Regulation of lipolysis in adipocytes
Leishmaniasis
Pathways in cancer
Chemical carcinogenesis
MicroRNAs in cancer
Small cell lung cancer
NetPath Pathway IL1 Signaling Pathway
TSH Signaling Pathway
IL4 Signaling Pathway
TGF_beta_Receptor Signaling Pathway
IL5 Signaling Pathway
PANTHER Pathway Endothelin signaling pathway
Inflammation mediated by chemokine and cytokine signaling pathway
Toll receptor signaling pathway
CCKR signaling map ST
Pathway Interaction Database Calcineurin-regulated NFAT-dependent transcription in lymphocytes
S1P1 pathway
C-MYB transcription factor network
Signaling mediated by p38-alpha and p38-beta
Calcium signaling in the CD4+ TCR pathway
PathWhiz Pathway Arachidonic Acid Metabolism
WikiPathways Prostaglandin Synthesis and Regulation
Arachidonic acid metabolism
Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor
Quercetin and Nf-kB/ AP-1 Induced Cell Apoptosis
Spinal Cord Injury
Integrated Pancreatic Cancer Pathway
Eicosanoid Synthesis
Selenium Micronutrient Network
References
Ref 467529(http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/) Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 4194).
Ref 468024(http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/) Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 4795).
Ref 468283(http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/) Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 5230).
Ref 522046ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT00488267) Efficacy of ThermoProfen in Patients With Mild to Moderate Pain Associated With Osteoarthritis of the Knee. U.S. National Institutes of Health.
Ref 522081ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT00510822) Cimicoxib for the Treatment of Major Depression (SECIM). U.S. National Institutes of Health.
Ref 523066ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01139190) Clinical Trial Evaluating Gastrointestinal Damage Following Administration PL3100 or Naproxen in At-Risk Adults. U.S. National Institutes of Health.
Ref 523116ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01164826) Bioequivalence Study of Nabumetone 750 mg Tablets of Dr. Reddy's Under Fed Conditions. U.S. National Institutes of Health.
Ref 523284ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01257126) Efficacy of Diclofenac Potassium vs Nimesulide in the Treatment of Fever and Pain in Children With Upper Respiratory Tract Infection. U.S. National Institutes of Health.
Ref 524183ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01765296) Phase III Study of CG100649 in Osteoarthritis Patients. U.S. National Institutes of Health.
Ref 524526ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01985165) A Phase 4 Study of Imrecoxib in Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis. U.S. National Institutes of Health.
Ref 524822ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02183155) Effect of Meloxicam Tablets on Bleeding Time in Healthy Subjects. U.S. National Institutes of Health.
Ref 525614RWJ 67657, a potent, orally active inhibitor of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1999 Nov;291(2):680-7.
Ref 526212Ketoprofen-induced cyclooxygenase inhibition in renal medulla and platelets of rats treated with caffeine. Pharmacology. 2001;63(4):234-9.
Ref 526261Synthesis and biological testing of Acyl-CoA-ketoprofen conjugates as selective irreversible inhibitors of COX-2. Bioorg Med Chem. 2002 Mar;10(3):753-7.
Ref 527467Tenoxicam exerts a neuroprotective action after cerebral ischemia in rats. Neurochem Res. 2005 Jan;30(1):39-46.
Ref 527583In vivo effect of celecoxib and tenoxicam on oxidant/ anti-oxidant status of patients with knee osteoarthritis. Ann Clin Lab Sci. 2005 Spring;35(2):137-43.
Ref 528936Effects of the COX-2 inhibitor FK3311 on ischemia - reperfusion injury in the rat lung. J Invest Surg. 2007 May-Jun;20(3):175-80.
Ref 532278Novel dual cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase inhibitors targeting hyaluronan-CD44v6 pathway and inducing cytotoxicity in colon cancer cells. Bioorg Med Chem. 2013 May 1;21(9):2551-9.
Ref 532348Nanocurcumin: a promising therapeutic advancement over native curcumin. Crit Rev Ther Drug Carrier Syst. 2013;30(4):331-68.
Ref 534446Evaluation of the antiinflammatory activity of a dual cyclooxygenase-2 selective/5-lipoxygenase inhibitor, RWJ 63556, in a canine model of inflammation. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1997 Aug;282(2):1094-101.
Ref 536058Emerging analgesics in cancer pain management. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs. 2005 Feb;10(1):151-71.
Ref 536232Biochemical mechanisms of New Molecular Entities (NMEs) approved by United States FDA during 2001-2004: mechanisms leading to optimal efficacy and safety.
Ref 536374Emerging drugs in neuropathic pain. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs. 2007 Mar;12(1):113-26.
Ref 536447Emerging disease-modifying therapies for the treatment of motor neuron disease/amyotropic lateral sclerosis. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs. 2007 May;12(2):229-52.
Ref 536772New drugs in development for the treatment of endometriosis. Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2008 Aug;17(8):1187-202.
Ref 538251FDA Approved Drug Products from FDA Official Website. 2009. Application Number: (ANDA) 073290.
Ref 538253FDA Approved Drug Products from FDA Official Website. 2009. Application Number: (ANDA) 073516.
Ref 538256FDA Approved Drug Products from FDA Official Website. 2009. Application Number: (ANDA) 073562.
Ref 538273FDA Approved Drug Products from FDA Official Website. 2009. Application Number: (ANDA) 074358.
Ref 538288FDA Approved Drug Products from FDA Official Website. 2009. Application Number: (ANDA) 074819.
Ref 538469FDA Approved Drug Products from FDA Official Website. 2009. Application Number: (NDA) 015034.
Ref 538508FDA Approved Drug Products from FDA Official Website. 2009. Application Number: (NDA) 018550.
Ref 538634(http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/) Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 1051).
Ref 539567(http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/) Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 2439).
Ref 539575(http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/) Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 2447).
Ref 539671(http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/) Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 2593).
Ref 539773(http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/) Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 2713).
Ref 539915(http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/) Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 2892).
Ref 539916(http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/) Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 2893).
Ref 539917(http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/) Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 2894).
Ref 539919(http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/) Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 2896).
Ref 539920(http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/) Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 2897).
Ref 540732(http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/) Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 5269).
Ref 542031(http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/) Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 7000).
Ref 542149(http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/) Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 7141).
Ref 542171(http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/) Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 7162).
Ref 542196(http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/) Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 7185).
Ref 542235(http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/) Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 7220).
Ref 542262(http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/) Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 7245).
Ref 542290(http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/) Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 7270).
Ref 542334(http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/) Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 7311).
Ref 542424(http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/) Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 7401).
Ref 543067(http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/) Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 8316).
Ref 544513Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800000017)
Ref 544771Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800000942)
Ref 544772Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800000951)
Ref 544774Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800000964)
Ref 545169Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800002344)
Ref 545171Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800002346)
Ref 545938Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800005419)
Ref 545991Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800005756)
Ref 546186Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800006812)
Ref 546187Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800006813)
Ref 546255Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800007136)
Ref 546259Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800007147)
Ref 546414Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800007983)
Ref 546604Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800009145)
Ref 546606Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800009152)
Ref 546666Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800009546)
Ref 546762Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800010176)
Ref 547069Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800012807)
Ref 547095Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800013022)
Ref 547101Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800013076)
Ref 547425Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800016130)
Ref 547745Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800018957)
Ref 547873Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800020060)
Ref 547989Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800020980)
Ref 548493Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800026002)
Ref 549268Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800034373)
Ref 549824Chromene COX-2 Inhibitor Project. Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health,Chinese Academy of Sciences report.
Ref 550690Drug information of Tiaprofenic acid, 2008. eduDrugs.
Ref 550701Drug information of Niflumic Acid, 2008. eduDrugs.
Ref 550768Drug information of Tenoxicam, 2008. eduDrugs.
Ref 551871Drugs@FDA. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. 2015
Ref 1559699Diclofenac: an update on its mechanism of action and safety profile.Curr Med Res Opin.2010 Jul;26(7):1715-31.
Ref 522072ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT00506298) Study of CRx-401 on Glucose Levels in Subjects With Type II Diabetes. U.S. National Institutes of Health.
Ref 525574Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 1999 Aug 2;9(15):2207-12.SAR in the alkoxy lactone series: the discovery of DFP, a potent and orally active COX-2 inhibitor.
Ref 525636Effect of flosulide, a selective cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor, on passive heymann nephritis in the rat. Kidney Int. 1999 Nov;56(5):1770-8.
Ref 525760J Med Chem. 2000 May 4;43(9):1841-51.1-imidazolyl(alkyl)-substituted di- and tetrahydroquinolines and analogues: syntheses and evaluation of dual inhibitors of thromboxane A(2) synthase and aromatase.
Ref 525885Comparative inhibitory activity of rofecoxib, meloxicam, diclofenac, ibuprofen, and naproxen on COX-2 versus COX-1 in healthy volunteers. J Clin Pharmacol. 2000 Oct;40(10):1109-20.
Ref 526089J Nat Prod. 2001 Jun;64(6):745-9.Cox-2 inhibitory effects of naturally occurring and modified fatty acids.
Ref 526157Effects of S-2474, a novel nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, on amyloid beta protein-induced neuronal cell death. Br J Pharmacol. 2001 Oct;134(3):673-81.
Ref 526187Renal effects of nabumetone, a COX-2 antagonist: impairment of function in isolated perfused rat kidneys contrasts with preserved renal function in vivo. Exp Nephrol. 2001;9(6):387-96.
Ref 526212Ketoprofen-induced cyclooxygenase inhibition in renal medulla and platelets of rats treated with caffeine. Pharmacology. 2001;63(4):234-9.
Ref 526261Synthesis and biological testing of Acyl-CoA-ketoprofen conjugates as selective irreversible inhibitors of COX-2. Bioorg Med Chem. 2002 Mar;10(3):753-7.
Ref 526297J Med Chem. 2002 Mar 28;45(7):1511-7.4-(4-cycloalkyl/aryl-oxazol-5-yl)benzenesulfonamides as selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors: enhancement of the selectivity by introduction of a fluorine atom and identification of a potent, highly selective, and orally active COX-2 inhibitor JTE-522(1).
Ref 526385Dexketoprofene, selective cox-1 inhibitor nsaids, without gastrointestinal injury in rats. Acta Gastroenterol Latinoam. 2002 May;32(1):17-20.
Ref 527028Enantioselective HPLC determination of E-6087, a new COX-2 inhibitor, in human plasma: Validation and pharmacokinetic application. Chirality. 2004 May 15;16(5):302-8.
Ref 527033Cyclooxygenase (COX)-2-dependent effects of the inhibitor SC236 when combined with ionizing radiation in mammary tumor cells derived from HER-2/neu mice. Mol Cancer Ther. 2004 Apr;3(4):417-24.
Ref 527215J Med Chem. 2004 Sep 23;47(20):4881-90.Novel synthesis of 3,4-diarylisoxazole analogues of valdecoxib: reversal cyclooxygenase-2 selectivity by sulfonamide group removal.
Ref 527352J Med Chem. 2004 Dec 30;47(27):6749-59.Design, synthesis, and pharmacological evaluation of pyridinic analogues of nimesulide as cyclooxygenase-2 selective inhibitors.
Ref 527489Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2005 Apr 1;15(7):1793-7.Design, synthesis, biological evaluation and molecular docking of curcumin analogues as antioxidant, cyclooxygenase inhibitory and anti-inflammatory agents.
Ref 527602J Med Chem. 2005 Jun 30;48(13):4312-31.2-Arylpropionic CXC chemokine receptor 1 (CXCR1) ligands as novel noncompetitive CXCL8 inhibitors.
Ref 527727Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2005 Nov 1;15(21):4842-5.Synthesis and biological evaluation of 1,3-diphenylprop-2-yn-1-ones as dual inhibitors of cyclooxygenases and lipoxygenases.
Ref 527799J Med Chem. 2005 Oct 20;48(21):6523-43.Designed multiple ligands. An emerging drug discovery paradigm.
Ref 527828J Nat Prod. 2005 Oct;68(10):1514-8.Selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors from Calophyllum membranaceum.
Ref 528272J Nat Prod. 2006 Jun;69(6):887-90.Nitrogen-containing phorbol esters from Croton ciliatoglandulifer and their effects on cyclooxygenases-1 and -2.
Ref 528283Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2006 Sep 1;16(17):4440-3. Epub 2006 Jun 30.Selective COX-2 inhibitors. Part 1: synthesis and biological evaluation of phenylazobenzenesulfonamides.
Ref 528508Bioorg Med Chem. 2007 Jan 15;15(2):1014-21. Epub 2006 Oct 18.Analgesic agents without gastric damage: design and synthesis of structurally simple benzenesulfonanilide-type cyclooxygenase-1-selectiveinhibitors.
Ref 528538J Nat Prod. 2006 Nov;69(11):1591-5.Triterpene saponins from clematis mandshurica.
Ref 528789J Biol Chem. 2007 Jun 1;282(22):16379-90. Epub 2007 Apr 12.Molecular determinants for the selective inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 by lumiracoxib.
Ref 528854Bioorg Med Chem. 2007 Jul 15;15(14):4876-90. Epub 2007 May 3.Synthesis and biological activity of new anti-inflammatory compounds containing the 1,4-benzodioxine and/or pyrrole system.
Ref 528934Bioorg Med Chem. 2007 Sep 15;15(18):6109-18. Epub 2007 Jun 20.'Bridged' stilbene derivatives as selective cyclooxygenase-1 inhibitors.
Ref 528936Effects of the COX-2 inhibitor FK3311 on ischemia - reperfusion injury in the rat lung. J Invest Surg. 2007 May-Jun;20(3):175-80.
Ref 529055Modeling and simulation to support dose selection and clinical development of SC-75416, a selective COX-2 inhibitor for the treatment of acute and chronic pain. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2008 Jun;83(6):857-66. Epub 2007 Sep 19.
Ref 529127Eur J Med Chem. 2008 Jun;43(6):1152-9. Epub 2007 Sep 22.Investigations concerning the COX/5-LOX inhibiting and hydroxyl radical scavenging potencies of novel 4,5-diaryl isoselenazoles.
Ref 529146J Med Chem. 2007 Dec 13;50(25):6367-82. Epub 2007 Nov 10.Structure-based design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of indomethacin derivatives as cyclooxygenase-2 inhibiting nitric oxide donors.
Ref 529156Bioorg Med Chem. 2008 Feb 15;16(4):1948-56. Epub 2007 Nov 5.Synthesis and cyclooxygenase inhibitory activities of linear 1-(methanesulfonylphenyl or benzenesulfonamido)-2-(pyridyl)acetylene regioisomers.
Ref 529203Bioorg Med Chem. 2008 Mar 1;16(5):2697-706. Epub 2007 Nov 17.Selective COX-2 inhibitors. Part 2: synthesis and biological evaluation of 4-benzylideneamino- and 4-phenyliminomethyl-benzenesulfonamides.
Ref 529273Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2008 Feb 15;18(4):1336-9. Epub 2008 Jan 11.Design and synthesis of 1,3-diarylurea derivatives as selective cyclooxygenase (COX-2) inhibitors.
Ref 529467J Nat Prod. 2008 Jun;71(6):1070-3. Epub 2008 May 13.Cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 and -2 inhibitory labdane diterpenes from Crassocephalum mannii.
Ref 529474J Med Chem. 1991 Mar;34(3):1028-36.Indazolinones, a new series of redox-active 5-lipoxygenase inhibitors with built-in selectivity and oral activity.
Ref 529754Bioorg Med Chem. 2008 Nov 15;16(22):9694-8. Epub 2008 Oct 5.Diazen-1-ium-1,2-diolated nitric oxide donor ester prodrugs of 5-(4-hydroxymethylphenyl)-1-(4-aminosulfonylphenyl)-3-trifluoromethyl-1H-pyrazole and its methanesulfonyl analog: synthesis, biological evaluation and nitric oxide release studies.
Ref 529827Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2009 Jan 1;19(1):74-6. Epub 2008 Nov 12.Synthesis of biflavones having a 6-O-7'' linkage and effects on cyclooxygenase-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase.
Ref 529838J Med Chem. 2008 Dec 25;51(24):7800-5.New analgesics synthetically derived from the paracetamol metabolite N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-icosatetra-5,8,11,14-enamide.
Ref 529881Bioorg Med Chem. 2009 Jan 15;17(2):558-68. Epub 2008 Dec 6.Diaryl-dithiolanes and -isothiazoles: COX-1/COX-2 and 5-LOX-inhibitory, *OH scavenging and anti-adhesive activities.
Ref 529976Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2009 Mar 15;19(6):1650-3. Epub 2009 Feb 7.Inhibitory activity of prostaglandin E2 production by the synthetic 2'-hydroxychalcone analogues: Synthesis and SAR study.
Ref 530021Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2009 Apr 15;19(8):2270-2. Epub 2009 Feb 27.Synthesis and anti-inflammatory activity of the major metabolites of imrecoxib.
Ref 530105Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2009 Jun 1;19(11):3014-8. Epub 2009 Apr 20.Dinitroglyceryl and diazen-1-ium-1,2-diolated nitric oxide donor ester prodrugs of aspirin, indomethacin and ibuprofen: synthesis, biological evaluation and nitric oxide release studies.
Ref 530116Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2009 Jun 15;19(12):3271-4. Epub 2009 Apr 23.The influence of double bond geometry in the inhibition of cyclooxygenases by sulindac derivatives.
Ref 530153Eur J Med Chem. 2009 Sep;44(9):3798-804. Epub 2009 Apr 14.Fenbufen based 3-[5-(substituted aryl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]-1-(biphenyl-4-yl)propan-1-ones as safer antiinflammatory and analgesic agents.
Ref 530176Bioorg Med Chem. 2009 Jul 1;17(13):4459-65. Epub 2009 May 18.Design and synthesis of ten biphenyl-neolignan derivatives and their in vitro inhibitory potency against cyclooxygenase-1/2 activity and 5-lipoxygenase-mediated LTB4-formation.
Ref 530203Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2009 Aug 1;19(15):4504-8. Epub 2009 Feb 26.Identification of [4-[4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl]-6-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyrimidinyl] amines and ethers as potent and selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors.
Ref 530207Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2009 Aug 1;19(15):4509-14. Epub 2009 Feb 27.Identification and optimisation of a novel series of pyrimidine based cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors. Utilisation of a biotransformation approach.
Ref 530236Bioorg Med Chem. 2009 Jul 15;17(14):5312-7. Epub 2009 Jun 12.Synthesis and biological evaluation of new 4-carboxyl quinoline derivatives as cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors.
Ref 530415J Med Chem. 2009 Oct 8;52(19):5864-71.Pyridine analogues of nimesulide: design, synthesis, and in vitro and in vivo pharmacological evaluation as promising cyclooxygenase 1 and 2 inhibitors.
Ref 530463Apricoxib, a COX-2 inhibitor for the potential treatment of pain and cancer. IDrugs. 2009 Nov;12(11):711-22.
Ref 530493Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2009 Dec 15;19(24):6922-5. Epub 2009 Oct 20.COX, LOX and platelet aggregation inhibitory properties of Lauraceae neolignans.
Ref 530627Bioorg Med Chem. 2010 Jan 15;18(2):597-604. Epub 2009 Dec 6.Discovery of 3-(4-bromophenyl)-6-nitrobenzo[1.3.2]dithiazolium ylide 1,1-dioxide as a novel dual cyclooxygenase/5-lipoxygenase inhibitor that also inhibits tumor necrosis factor-alpha production.
Ref 530629Bioorg Med Chem. 2010 Feb;18(3):1029-33. Epub 2010 Jan 4.Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of new 2,3-diarylquinoline derivatives as selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors.
Ref 530753Bioorg Med Chem. 2010 Mar 15;18(6):2204-18. Epub 2010 Feb 8.In silico search for multi-target anti-inflammatories in Chinese herbs and formulas.
Ref 530772Topical NSAID therapy for musculoskeletal pain. Pain Med. 2010 Apr;11(4):535-49.
Ref 530955J Med Chem. 2010 Jul 8;53(13):5033-43.Selective synthesis and biological evaluation of sulfate-conjugated resveratrol metabolites.
Ref 531135J Med Chem. 2010 Sep 23;53(18):6560-71.Synthesis, anti-inflammatory activity, and in vitro antitumor effect of a novel class of cyclooxygenase inhibitors: 4-(aryloyl)phenyl methyl sulfones.
Ref 531221J Med Chem. 2010 Nov 11;53(21):7879-82.Properties and synthesis of 2-{2-fluoro (or bromo)-4-[(2-oxocyclopentyl)methyl]phenyl}propanoic acid: nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs with low membrane permeabilizing and gastric lesion-producing activities.
Ref 531229Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2010 Dec 1;20(23):6938-41. Epub 2010 Oct 20.Sulfonamide derivatives of styrylheterocycles as a potent inhibitor of COX-2-mediated prostaglandin E2 production.
Ref 532278Novel dual cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase inhibitors targeting hyaluronan-CD44v6 pathway and inducing cytotoxicity in colon cancer cells. Bioorg Med Chem. 2013 May 1;21(9):2551-9.
Ref 532882J Med Chem. 1989 Aug;32(8):1836-42.Differential effects of a series of hydroxamic acid derivatives on 5-lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase from neutrophils and 12-lipoxygenase from platelets and their in vivo effects on inflammation and anaphylaxis.
Ref 532911Pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, and safety/tolerability profiles of CG100649, a novel COX-2 inhibitor: results of a phase i, randomized, multiple-dose study in healthy Korean men and women. Clin Ther. 2015 Jan 1;37(1):197-210.
Ref 533456J Med Chem. 1986 Aug;29(8):1436-41.Synthesis and antiinflammatory/analgesic activities of 11H-dibenzo[b, e,][1,4]dioxepinacetic acids.
Ref 534421Meloxicam: selective COX-2 inhibition in clinical practice. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 1997 Jun;26(6 Suppl 1):21-7.
Ref 534446Evaluation of the antiinflammatory activity of a dual cyclooxygenase-2 selective/5-lipoxygenase inhibitor, RWJ 63556, in a canine model of inflammation. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1997 Aug;282(2):1094-101.
Ref 534599J Med Chem. 1998 Mar 26;41(7):1124-37.New cyclooxygenase-2/5-lipoxygenase inhibitors. 2. 7-tert-butyl-2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethylbenzofuran derivatives as gastrointestinal safe antiinflammatory and analgesic agents: variations of the dihydrobenzofuran ring.
Ref 534981Cyclooxygenase-2, a colorectal cancer nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug target, is regulated by c-MYB. Cancer Res. 2000 Apr 1;60(7):1805-9.
Ref 535003Inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 improves cardiac function in myocardial infarction. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2000 Jul 5;273(2):772-5.
Ref 535005Inhibition of p38 MAP kinase as a therapeutic strategy. Immunopharmacology. 2000 May;47(2-3):185-201.
Ref 535059A selective inhibitor of p38 MAP kinase, SB202190, induced apoptotic cell death of a lipopolysaccharide-treated macrophage-like cell line, J774.1. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2000 Oct 18;1502(2):207-23.
Ref 535126The discovery of RPR 200765A, a p38 MAP kinase inhibitor displaying a good oral anti-arthritic efficacy. Bioorg Med Chem. 2001 Feb;9(2):537-54.
Ref 535160Celecoxib and rofecoxib. The role of COX-2 inhibitors in dental practice. J Am Dent Assoc. 2001 Apr;132(4):451-6.
Ref 535206Induction of apoptosis by cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors in prostate cancer cell lines. Int J Urol. 2001 Jul;8(7):S35-9.
Ref 535290SB-239063, a potent and selective inhibitor of p38 map kinase: preclinical pharmacokinetics and species-specific reversible isomerization. Pharm Res. 2001 Sep;18(9):1336-44.
Ref 535386Monocyte intracellular cytokine production during human endotoxaemia with or without a second in vitro LPS challenge: effect of RWJ-67657, a p38 MAP-kinase inhibitor, on LPS-hyporesponsiveness. Clin Exp Immunol. 2002 Feb;127(2):337-43.
Ref 535528Clinical experience with cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2002 Apr;41 Supp 1:16-22; discussion 35-42.
Ref 535585The cyclooxygenase inhibitor ibuprofen and the FLAP inhibitor MK886 inhibit pancreatic carcinogenesis induced in hamsters by transplacental exposure to ethanol and the tobacco carcinogen NNK. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 2002 Oct;128(10):525-32. Epub 2002 Aug 29.
Ref 535660Knockouts model the 100 best-selling drugs--will they model the next 100? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2003 Jan;2(1):38-51.
Ref 535785The effect of the selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor rofecoxib on human colorectal cancer liver metastases. Gastroenterology. 2003 Sep;125(3):716-29.
Ref 535836Aromatase inhibitors--theoretical concept and present experiences in the treatment of endometriosis. Zentralbl Gynakol. 2003 Jul-Aug;125(7-8):247-51.
Ref 536034A randomized crossover trial of tenoxicam compared with rofecoxib for postoperative dental pain control. Anaesth Intensive Care. 2004 Dec;32(6):770-4.
Ref 536097COX-1 and COX-2 inhibition in horse blood by phenylbutazone, flunixin, carprofen and meloxicam: an in vitro analysis. Pharmacol Res. 2005 Oct;52(4):302-6.
Ref 536149The use and safety profile of non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs among Turkish patients with osteoarthritis. Turk J Gastroenterol. 2005 Sep;16(3):138-42.
Ref 536232Biochemical mechanisms of New Molecular Entities (NMEs) approved by United States FDA during 2001-2004: mechanisms leading to optimal efficacy and safety.
Ref 536327Scaffold of the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor carprofen provides Alzheimer gamma-secretase modulators. J Med Chem. 2006 Dec 28;49(26):7588-91.
Ref 536374Emerging drugs in neuropathic pain. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs. 2007 Mar;12(1):113-26.
Ref 536416Rat ovulation, implantation and decidualization are severely compromised by COX-2 inhibitors. Front Biosci. 2007 May 1;12:3333-42.
Ref 536440Probing the skin permeation of fish oil/EPA and ketoprofen-3. Effects on epidermal COX-2 and LOX. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 2007 Jun;76(6):357-62. Epub 2007 Jun 25.
Ref 536446Membranous nephropathy associated with the relatively selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor, etodolac, in a patient with early rheumatoid arthritis. Intern Med. 2007;46(13):1055-8. Epub 2007 Jul 2.
Ref 536549Privileged structures: a useful concept for the rational design of new lead drug candidates. Mini Rev Med Chem. 2007 Nov;7(11):1108-19.
Ref 536606Current status of COX-2 inhibitors. Mini Rev Med Chem. 2008 Jan;8(1):73-90.
Ref 536772New drugs in development for the treatment of endometriosis. Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2008 Aug;17(8):1187-202.
Ref 537000Antiinflammatory effects of etoricoxib alone and combined with NSAIDs in LPS-induced reactive arthritis. Inflamm Res. 2008 Dec;57(12):586-92.
Ref 537120Dissociation of airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness by cyclooxygenase inhibition in allergen challenged mice. Eur Respir J. 2009 Jul;34(1):200-8. Epub 2009 Feb 27.
Ref 537246Maternal toxicity of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs as an important factor affecting prenatal development. Reprod Toxicol. 2009 Sep;28(2):239-44. Epub 2009 Apr 18.
Ref 537380The effect of newer anti-rheumatic drugs on osteogenic cell proliferation: an in-vitro study. J Orthop Surg Res. 2009 May 26;4:17.
Ref 537672Effects of tiaprofenic acid on the concentration and metabolism of proteoglycans in normal and degenerating canine articular cartilage. J Clin Pharmacol. 1990 Sep;30(9):808-14.
Ref 537922Inhibition of cell cycle oscillation of DNA replication by a selective inhibitor of the cdc2 kinase family, butyrolactone I, in Xenopus egg extracts. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1994 Jan 28;198(2):536-45.
Ref 538129Systematic pharmacological approach to the characterization of NSAIDs. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 1998 Jul;59(1):55-62.
Ref 538149Analysis of prostaglandin G/H synthase-2 inhibition using peroxidase-induced luminol luminescence. Anal Biochem. 1998 Nov 15;264(2):216-21.
Ref 543413(http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/) Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Target id: 1376).
Ref 544016Role of cyclooxygenases 1 and 2 in the modulation of neuromuscular functions in the distal colon of humans and mice. Gut. 2005 May; 54(5): 608-616.
Ref 544345Selective COX-2 Inhibitors: A Review of Their Structure-Activity Relationships. Iran J Pharm Res. 2011 Autumn; 10(4): 655-683.
Ref 546415Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800007983)
Ref 549744PAC 10649 Pacific licensing offer, Worldwide excluding South Korea. R & D Focus Drug News. September 22, 2003.
Ref 549752S 33516 Servier preclinical data. R & D Focus Drug News. July 12, 1999.
Ref 549843Synflorix, GlaxoSmithKline's pneumococcal vaccine, receives European authorisation. GlaxoSmithKline. March 31 2009.
Ref 549974Pfizer. Product Development Pipeline. March 31 2009.
Ref 550917US patent application no. 6,274,627, Conjugates of dithiocarbamate disulfides with pharmacologically active agents and uses therefor.
Ref 551307Novel 1,2-diarylcyclobutenes: Selective and orally active cox-2 inhibitors, Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 6(22):2677-2682 (1996).
Ref 551313From indomethacin to a selective COX-2 inhibitor: Development of indolalkanoic acids as potent and selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors, Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 6(6):725-730 (1996).
Ref 551374The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42.
Ref 551378Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5.
Ref 551392Ouellet M, Percival MD: Effect of inhibitor time-dependency on selectivity towards cyclooxygenase isoforms. Biochem J. 1995 Feb 15;306 ( Pt 1):247-51.
Ref 551393How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6.
Ref 551562Clinical pipeline report, company report or official report of raqualia.
Ref 551650Characterization of the in vitro oxidative metabolites of the COX-2 selective inhibitor L-766,112. Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters Volume 7, Issue 1, 7 January 1997, Pages 53-56.
Ref 551871Drugs@FDA. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. 2015
Ref 556264Drugs@FDA. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services.
Ref 1587926URL: https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl/ The ChEMBL database in 2017

If You Find Any Error in Data or Bug in Web Service, Please Kindly Report It to Dr. Zhou and Dr. Zhang.