Target Information
Target General Information | Top | |||||
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Target ID |
T40332
(Former ID: TTDS00448)
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Target Name |
Neutrophil elastase (NE)
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Synonyms |
PMN elastase; Medullasin; Human leukocyte elastase; HLE; Elastase-2; ELA2; Bone marrow serine protease
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Gene Name |
ELANE
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Target Type |
Clinical trial target
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[1] | ||||
Disease | [+] 8 Target-related Diseases | + | ||||
1 | Intrathoracic organs injury [ICD-11: NB32] | |||||
2 | Crohn disease [ICD-11: DD70] | |||||
3 | Hepatic fibrosis/cirrhosis [ICD-11: DB93] | |||||
4 | Multiple sclerosis [ICD-11: 8A40] | |||||
5 | Psoriatic arthritis [ICD-11: FA21] | |||||
6 | Pyoderma gangrenosum [ICD-11: EB21] | |||||
7 | Rheumatoid arthritis [ICD-11: FA20] | |||||
8 | Ulcerative colitis [ICD-11: DD71] | |||||
Function |
Inhibits C5a-dependent neutrophil enzyme release and chemotaxis. Modifies the functions of natural killer cells, monocytes and granulocytes.
Click to Show/Hide
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BioChemical Class |
Peptidase
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UniProt ID | ||||||
EC Number |
EC 3.4.21.37
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Sequence |
MTLGRRLACLFLACVLPALLLGGTALASEIVGGRRARPHAWPFMVSLQLRGGHFCGATLI
APNFVMSAAHCVANVNVRAVRVVLGAHNLSRREPTRQVFAVQRIFENGYDPVNLLNDIVI LQLNGSATINANVQVAQLPAQGRRLGNGVQCLAMGWGLLGRNRGIASVLQELNVTVVTSL CRRSNVCTLVRGRQAGVCFGDSGSPLVCNGLIHGIASFVRGGCASGLYPDAFAPVAQFVN WIDSIIQRSEDNPCPHPRDPDPASRTH Click to Show/Hide
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3D Structure | Click to Show 3D Structure of This Target | PDB | ||||
HIT2.0 ID | T18LX5 |
Drugs and Modes of Action | Top | |||||
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Approved Drug(s) | [+] 1 Approved Drugs | + | ||||
1 | Sivelestat sodium hydrate | Drug Info | Phase 4 | Acute lung injury | [2] | |
Clinical Trial Drug(s) | [+] 10 Clinical Trial Drugs | + | ||||
1 | Epigallocatechin gallate | Drug Info | Phase 3 | Hepatic fibrosis | [3], [4], [5], [6] | |
2 | Sivelestat | Drug Info | Phase 3 | Pyoderma gangrenosum | [7] | |
3 | AZD9668 | Drug Info | Phase 2 | Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | [8] | |
4 | BAY 85-8501 | Drug Info | Phase 2 | Bronchiectasis | [9] | |
5 | DX-890 | Drug Info | Phase 2 | Acute lung injury | [10] | |
6 | L-694,458 | Drug Info | Phase 2 | Cystic fibrosis | [11] | |
7 | Tiprelestat | Drug Info | Phase 2 | Myocardial infarction | [12] | |
8 | AZD-9819 | Drug Info | Phase 1 | Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | [13] | |
9 | BI 1323495 | Drug Info | Phase 1 | Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | [14] | |
10 | POL-6014 | Drug Info | Phase 1 | Cystic fibrosis | [15] | |
Discontinued Drug(s) | [+] 11 Discontinued Drugs | + | ||||
1 | MR-889 | Drug Info | Discontinued in Phase 3 | Phlegmy cough | [16] | |
2 | CE-1037 | Drug Info | Discontinued in Phase 2 | Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | [17] | |
3 | Dermolastin | Drug Info | Discontinued in Phase 2 | Atopic dermatitis | [18] | |
4 | FK-706 | Drug Info | Discontinued in Phase 2 | Pulmonary emphysema | [19] | |
5 | ZD-8321 | Drug Info | Discontinued in Phase 2 | Acute lung injury | [20] | |
6 | AE-3763 | Drug Info | Discontinued in Phase 1 | Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | [21] | |
7 | AZD-6553 | Drug Info | Discontinued in Phase 1 | Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | [22] | |
8 | FR167653 | Drug Info | Discontinued in Phase 1 | Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | [23] | |
9 | ZD-0892 | Drug Info | Discontinued in Phase 1 | Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | [24] | |
10 | Mdl 101,146 | Drug Info | Terminated | Inflammation | [25] | |
11 | SR-26831 | Drug Info | Terminated | Rheumatoid arthritis | [26] | |
Mode of Action | [+] 2 Modes of Action | + | ||||
Inhibitor | [+] 99 Inhibitor drugs | + | ||||
1 | Sivelestat sodium hydrate | Drug Info | [1] | |||
2 | Epigallocatechin gallate | Drug Info | [27] | |||
3 | Sivelestat | Drug Info | [28] | |||
4 | AZD9668 | Drug Info | [29] | |||
5 | DX-890 | Drug Info | [1] | |||
6 | L-694,458 | Drug Info | [31] | |||
7 | AZD-9819 | Drug Info | [33] | |||
8 | BI 1323495 | Drug Info | [34] | |||
9 | POL-6014 | Drug Info | [35] | |||
10 | 2-pyrazinone derivative 1 | Drug Info | [36] | |||
11 | 2-pyrazinone derivative 2 | Drug Info | [36] | |||
12 | 2-pyrazinone derivative 3 | Drug Info | [36] | |||
13 | 2-pyrazinone derivative 4 | Drug Info | [36] | |||
14 | 2-pyrazinone derivative 5 | Drug Info | [36] | |||
15 | 2-pyrazinone derivative 6 | Drug Info | [36] | |||
16 | 2-pyrazinone derivative 7 | Drug Info | [36] | |||
17 | 4-pyridone derivative 1 | Drug Info | [36] | |||
18 | 4-pyridone derivative 2 | Drug Info | [36] | |||
19 | Dihydropyrimidinone derivative 1 | Drug Info | [36] | |||
20 | Dihydropyrimidinone derivative 2 | Drug Info | [36] | |||
21 | Hypersulfated disaccharide compound 1 | Drug Info | [36] | |||
22 | Peptide analog 55 | Drug Info | [36] | |||
23 | Peptide analog 56 | Drug Info | [36] | |||
24 | Peptide analog 57 | Drug Info | [36] | |||
25 | Peptide analog 58 | Drug Info | [36] | |||
26 | Peptide analog 59 | Drug Info | [36] | |||
27 | Peptide analog 60 | Drug Info | [36] | |||
28 | Peptide analog 61 | Drug Info | [36] | |||
29 | Peptide analog 62 | Drug Info | [36] | |||
30 | Peptide analog 63 | Drug Info | [36] | |||
31 | Peptide analog 64 | Drug Info | [36] | |||
32 | Peptide analog 65 | Drug Info | [36] | |||
33 | Peptide analog 66 | Drug Info | [36] | |||
34 | Peptide analog 67 | Drug Info | [36] | |||
35 | Peptide analog 68 | Drug Info | [36] | |||
36 | Peptide analog 69 | Drug Info | [36] | |||
37 | Peptide analog 70 | Drug Info | [36] | |||
38 | Pyrimidine derivative 34 | Drug Info | [36] | |||
39 | Pyrimidinone derivative 4 | Drug Info | [36] | |||
40 | Tetra-hydro-pyrrolopyrimidinedione derivative 1 | Drug Info | [36] | |||
41 | Tetra-hydro-triazolopyrimidine derivative 2 | Drug Info | [37] | |||
42 | Uracil derivative 1 | Drug Info | [36] | |||
43 | MR-889 | Drug Info | [31] | |||
44 | CE-1037 | Drug Info | [31] | |||
45 | Dermolastin | Drug Info | [38], [39], [40], [41] | |||
46 | FK-706 | Drug Info | [31] | |||
47 | ZD-8321 | Drug Info | [31] | |||
48 | AE-3763 | Drug Info | [31] | |||
49 | AZD-6553 | Drug Info | [42] | |||
50 | FR167653 | Drug Info | [31] | |||
51 | GW-311616 | Drug Info | [31] | |||
52 | ZD-0892 | Drug Info | [31] | |||
53 | FR-901277 | Drug Info | [43] | |||
54 | FR-901451 | Drug Info | [43] | |||
55 | Mdl 101,146 | Drug Info | [44] | |||
56 | (1H-pyrazol-1-yl)(o-tolyl)methanone | Drug Info | [46] | |||
57 | (3,4-dichlorophenyl)(1H-pyrazol-1-yl)methanone | Drug Info | [46] | |||
58 | (3-nitro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)(p-tolyl)methanone | Drug Info | [46] | |||
59 | (3-nitro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)(phenyl)methanone | Drug Info | [46] | |||
60 | (4-bromo-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)(m-tolyl)methanone | Drug Info | [46] | |||
61 | (4-bromo-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)(o-tolyl)methanone | Drug Info | [46] | |||
62 | (4-bromo-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)(p-tolyl)methanone | Drug Info | [46] | |||
63 | (4-chloro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)(o-tolyl)methanone | Drug Info | [46] | |||
64 | (4-nitro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)(o-tolyl)methanone | Drug Info | [46] | |||
65 | (4-nitro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)(phenyl)methanone | Drug Info | [46] | |||
66 | 1-(3,3-Dimethyl-2-oxo-butyl)-1H-indole-2,3-dione | Drug Info | [47] | |||
67 | 1-benzoyl-N-phenyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxamide | Drug Info | [46] | |||
68 | 1-benzyl-3,3-diethylazetidine-2,4-dione | Drug Info | [48] | |||
69 | 1-benzyl-3,3-dimethylazetidine-2,4-dione | Drug Info | [48] | |||
70 | 2-methylbut-3-yn-2-yl 4-methoxybenzoate | Drug Info | [46] | |||
71 | 3,3-Diethyl-1-(pyridin-3-yl)azetidine-2,4-dione | Drug Info | [48] | |||
72 | 3,3-Diethyl-1-o-tolylazetidine-2,4-dione | Drug Info | [48] | |||
73 | 3,3-diethyl-1-phenylazetidine-2,4-dione | Drug Info | [48] | |||
74 | 3,4-dichloroisocoumarin | Drug Info | [49] | |||
75 | 3-Benzyl-3-ethyl-1-phenylazetidine-2,4-dione | Drug Info | [48] | |||
76 | 3-Benzyl-3-methyl-1-phenylazetidine-2,4-dione | Drug Info | [48] | |||
77 | 3-butyl-3-ethyl-1-phenylazetidine-2,4-dione | Drug Info | [48] | |||
78 | 3-Decanoyl-4-hydroxy-6-nonyl-pyran-2-one | Drug Info | [50] | |||
79 | 3-Ethyl-3-isobutyl-1-phenylazetidine-2,4-dione | Drug Info | [48] | |||
80 | 4-Hydroxy-3-nonanoyl-6-octyl-pyran-2-one | Drug Info | [50] | |||
81 | 4-methoxy-N'-(2-phenylacetyl)benzohydrazide | Drug Info | [46] | |||
82 | 6-Heptyl-4-hydroxy-3-octanoyl-pyran-2-one | Drug Info | [50] | |||
83 | Ac-Ala-Pro-Val-(2-benzoxazole) | Drug Info | [51] | |||
84 | ADC-7828 | Drug Info | [35] | |||
85 | AX-9657 | Drug Info | [35] | |||
86 | Bornyl (3,4,5-trihydroxy)-cinnamate | Drug Info | [52] | |||
87 | Cbz-Val-Pro-Val-(2-benzoxazole) | Drug Info | [51] | |||
88 | E-6-O-p-methoxycinnamoyl scandoside methyl ester | Drug Info | [27] | |||
89 | Fucose | Drug Info | [44] | |||
90 | ICI 200,355 | Drug Info | [54], [55], [56], [57], [58] | |||
91 | ICI 200,880 | Drug Info | [31], [59] | |||
92 | L-658,758 | Drug Info | [60] | |||
93 | N,N-bis(cyanomethyl)-3,4-dimethoxybenzamide | Drug Info | [46] | |||
94 | PMID22595175C4g | Drug Info | [61] | |||
95 | PMID24556381C10f | Drug Info | [62] | |||
96 | PMID24556381C10l | Drug Info | [62] | |||
97 | TEI-8362 | Drug Info | [31] | |||
98 | WIN-63395 | Drug Info | [63] | |||
99 | ZK-814048 | Drug Info | [64] | |||
Modulator | [+] 3 Modulator drugs | + | ||||
1 | BAY 85-8501 | Drug Info | [30] | |||
2 | Tiprelestat | Drug Info | [32] | |||
3 | SR-26831 | Drug Info | [45] |
Cell-based Target Expression Variations | Top | |||||
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Cell-based Target Expression Variations |
Drug Binding Sites of Target | Top | |||||
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Ligand Name: MDL 101,146 | Ligand Info | |||||
Structure Description | CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF HUMAN NEUTROPHIL ELASTASE WITH MDL 101, 146 | PDB:1B0F | ||||
Method | X-ray diffraction | Resolution | 3.00 Å | Mutation | No | [65] |
PDB Sequence |
IVGGRRARPH
25 AWPFMVSLQL35 AGGHFCGATL46 IAPNFVMSAA56 HCVANVNVRA64 VRVVLGAHNL 73 SRREPTRQVF83 AVQRIFEDGY94 DPVNLLNDIV104 ILQLNGSATI114 NANVQVAQLP 124 AQGRRLGNGV134 QCLAMGWGLL144 GRNRGIASVL155 QELNVTVVTS166 LCRRSNVCTL 184 VRGRQAGVCF192 GDSGSPLVCN204 GLIHGIASFV216 RGGCASGLYP225 DAFAPVAQFV 235 NWIDSIIQ
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Ligand Name: 1-(3-Chlorophenyl)-5-(3,5-Dimethylisoxazol-4-Yl)-6-Methyl-N-[4-(Methylsulfonyl)benzyl]-2-Oxo-1,2-Dihydropyridine-3-Carboxamide | Ligand Info | |||||
Structure Description | Neutrophil elastase inhibitors for the treatment of (cardio)pulmonary diseases | PDB:5ABW | ||||
Method | X-ray diffraction | Resolution | 1.60 Å | Mutation | No | [66] |
PDB Sequence |
IVGGRRARPH
25 AWPFMVSLQL35 RGGHFCGATL46 IAPNFVMSAA56 HCVANVNVRA63C VRVVLGAHNL 73 SRREPTRQVF83 AVQRIFENGY94 DPVNLLNDIV104 ILQLNGSATI114 NANVQVAQLP 124 AQGRRLGNGV134 QCLAMGWGLL144 GGIASVLQEL158 NVTVVTSLCR177 RSNVCTLVRG 186A RQAGVCFGDS195 GSPLVCNGLI209 HGIASFVRGG219 CASGLYPDAF228 APVAQFVNWI 238 DSIIQ
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Click to View More Binding Site Information of This Target with Different Ligands |
Different Human System Profiles of Target | Top |
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Human Similarity Proteins
of target is determined by comparing the sequence similarity of all human proteins with the target based on BLAST. The similarity proteins for a target are defined as the proteins with E-value < 0.005 and outside the protein families of the target.
A target that has fewer human similarity proteins outside its family is commonly regarded to possess a greater capacity to avoid undesired interactions and thus increase the possibility of finding successful drugs
(Brief Bioinform, 21: 649-662, 2020).
Human Tissue Distribution
of target is determined from a proteomics study that quantified more than 12,000 genes across 32 normal human tissues. Tissue Specificity (TS) score was used to define the enrichment of target across tissues.
The distribution of targets among different tissues or organs need to be taken into consideration when assessing the target druggability, as it is generally accepted that the wider the target distribution, the greater the concern over potential adverse effects
(Nat Rev Drug Discov, 20: 64-81, 2021).
Human Pathway Affiliation
of target is determined by the life-essential pathways provided on KEGG database. The target-affiliated pathways were defined based on the following two criteria (a) the pathways of the studied target should be life-essential for both healthy individuals and patients, and (b) the studied target should occupy an upstream position in the pathways and therefore had the ability to regulate biological function.
Targets involved in a fewer pathways have greater likelihood to be successfully developed, while those associated with more human pathways increase the chance of undesirable interferences with other human processes
(Pharmacol Rev, 58: 259-279, 2006).
Biological Network Descriptors
of target is determined based on a human protein-protein interactions (PPI) network consisting of 9,309 proteins and 52,713 PPIs, which were with a high confidence score of ≥ 0.95 collected from STRING database.
The network properties of targets based on protein-protein interactions (PPIs) have been widely adopted for the assessment of target’s druggability. Proteins with high node degree tend to have a high impact on network function through multiple interactions, while proteins with high betweenness centrality are regarded to be central for communication in interaction networks and regulate the flow of signaling information
(Front Pharmacol, 9, 1245, 2018;
Curr Opin Struct Biol. 44:134-142, 2017).
Human Similarity Proteins
Human Tissue Distribution
Human Pathway Affiliation
Biological Network Descriptors
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There is no similarity protein (E value < 0.005) for this target
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Note:
If a protein has TS (tissue specficity) scores at least in one tissue >= 2.5, this protein is called tissue-enriched (including tissue-enriched-but-not-specific and tissue-specific). In the plots, the vertical lines are at thresholds 2.5 and 4.
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KEGG Pathway | Pathway ID | Affiliated Target | Pathway Map |
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Neutrophil extracellular trap formation | hsa04613 | Affiliated Target |
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Class: Organismal Systems => Immune system | Pathway Hierarchy |
Degree | 5 | Degree centrality | 5.37E-04 | Betweenness centrality | 3.09E-05 |
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Closeness centrality | 1.79E-01 | Radiality | 1.29E+01 | Clustering coefficient | 0.00E+00 |
Neighborhood connectivity | 4.80E+00 | Topological coefficient | 2.38E-01 | Eccentricity | 12 |
Download | Click to Download the Full PPI Network of This Target | ||||
Chemical Structure based Activity Landscape of Target | Top |
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Drug Property Profile of Target | Top | |
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(1) Molecular Weight (mw) based Drug Clustering | (2) Octanol/Water Partition Coefficient (xlogp) based Drug Clustering | |
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(3) Hydrogen Bond Donor Count (hbonddonor) based Drug Clustering | (4) Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count (hbondacc) based Drug Clustering | |
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(5) Rotatable Bond Count (rotbonds) based Drug Clustering | (6) Topological Polar Surface Area (polararea) based Drug Clustering | |
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"RO5" indicates the cutoff set by lipinski's rule of five; "D123AB" colored in GREEN denotes the no violation of any cutoff in lipinski's rule of five; "D123AB" colored in PURPLE refers to the violation of only one cutoff in lipinski's rule of five; "D123AB" colored in BLACK represents the violation of more than one cutoffs in lipinski's rule of five |
Co-Targets | Top | |||||
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Co-Targets |
Target Poor or Non Binders | Top | |||||
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Target Poor or Non Binders |
Target Profiles in Patients | Top | |||||
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Target Expression Profile (TEP) |
Target Affiliated Biological Pathways | Top | |||||
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KEGG Pathway | [+] 2 KEGG Pathways | + | ||||
1 | Transcriptional misregulation in cancer | |||||
2 | Systemic lupus erythematosus | |||||
PID Pathway | [+] 2 PID Pathways | + | ||||
1 | Urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) and uPAR-mediated signaling | |||||
2 | C-MYB transcription factor network | |||||
Reactome | [+] 3 Reactome Pathways | + | ||||
1 | Collagen degradation | |||||
2 | Degradation of the extracellular matrix | |||||
3 | Activation of Matrix Metalloproteinases | |||||
WikiPathways | [+] 3 WikiPathways | + | ||||
1 | Hair Follicle Development: Cytodifferentiation (Part 3 of 3) | |||||
2 | Human Complement System | |||||
3 | Degradation of collagen |
Target-Related Models and Studies | Top | |||||
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Target Validation |
References | Top | |||||
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REF 1 | Emerging therapies for treatment of acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs. 2007 Sep;12(3):461-77. | |||||
REF 2 | Natural products as sources of new drugs over the last 25 years. J Nat Prod. 2007 Mar;70(3):461-77. | |||||
REF 3 | URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 7002). | |||||
REF 4 | The green tea polyphenol (2)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is not a beta-secretase inhibitor. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2012 Feb 1;22(3):1408-14. | |||||
REF 5 | Epigallocatechin gallate modulates CYP450 isoforms in the female Swiss-Webster mouse. Toxicol Sci. 2003 Dec;76(2):262-70. | |||||
REF 6 | Prolyl endopeptidase inhibitors from green tea. Arch Pharm Res. 2001 Aug;24(4):292-6. | |||||
REF 7 | Clinical pipeline report, company report or official report of the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA) | |||||
REF 8 | ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT00703391) A Two Week Study to Assess the Tolerability of AZD9668 in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Patients. U.S. National Institutes of Health. | |||||
REF 9 | Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800037600) | |||||
REF 10 | ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT00455767) Safety and Efficacy Study of Depelestat in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) Patients. U.S. National Institutes of Health. | |||||
REF 11 | New Drugs and Targets for Asthma and COPD, T.T. Hansel, .J. Barnes. Page(248). | |||||
REF 12 | Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800021706) | |||||
REF 13 | ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01166698) Single Centre, Double-blind, Single and Multiple Ascending Inhaled Doses of AZD9819 in Healthy Subjects. U.S. National Institutes of Health. | |||||
REF 14 | ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04656275) Safety, Tolerability, Pharmacokinetics, and Pharmacodynamics of Different Oral Doses of BI 1323495 Bid Versus Placebo in Patients With Non-cystic Fibrosis Bronchiectasis (Randomised, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Parallel Group Trial). U.S.National Institutes of Health. | |||||
REF 15 | Anti-ageing pipeline starts to mature.Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2018 Sep;17(9):609-612. | |||||
REF 16 | Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800003709) | |||||
REF 17 | Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800003784) | |||||
REF 18 | Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800018071) | |||||
REF 19 | Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800009108) | |||||
REF 20 | Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800007250) | |||||
REF 21 | Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800015539) | |||||
REF 22 | Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800032703) | |||||
REF 23 | Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800012873) | |||||
REF 24 | Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800009537) | |||||
REF 25 | Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800007771) | |||||
REF 26 | Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2015. Adis Insight (drug id 800001260) | |||||
REF 27 | Evaluation of human neutrophil elastase inhibitory effect of iridoid glycosides from Hedyotis diffusa. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2010 Jan 15;20(2):513-5. | |||||
REF 28 | Neutrophil elastase inhibitor (sivelestat) reduces the levels of inflammatory mediators by inhibiting NF-kB. Inflamm Res. 2009 Apr;58(4):198-203. | |||||
REF 29 | Clinical pipeline report, company report or official report of AstraZeneca (2009). | |||||
REF 30 | Freezing the Bioactive Conformation to Boost Potency: The Identification of BAY 5-8501, a Selective and Potent Inhibitor of Human Neutrophil Elastase for Pulmonary Diseases. ChemMedChem. 2015 Jul;10(7):1163-73. | |||||
REF 31 | Neutrophil elastase inhibitors as treatment for COPD. Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2002 Jul;11(7):965-80. | |||||
REF 32 | Company report (Proteo Biotech AG) | |||||
REF 33 | Lipid Peroxide-Mediated Oxidative Rearrangement of the Pyrazinone Carboxamide Core of Neutrophil Elastase Inhibitor AZD9819 in Blood Plasma Samples. Drug Metab Dispos. 2015 Oct;43(10):1441-9. | |||||
REF 34 | Trusted, scientifically sound profiles of drug programs, clinical trials, safety reports, and company deals, written by scientists. Springer. 2023. Adis Insight | |||||
REF 35 | URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Target id: 2358). | |||||
REF 36 | Neutrophil elastase inhibitors: a patent review and potential applications for inflammatory lung diseases (2010 - 2014).Expert Opin Ther Pat. 2015;25(10):1145-58. | |||||
REF 37 | Serine protease inhibitors to treat inflammation: a patent review (2011-2016).Expert Opin Ther Pat. 2018 Feb;28(2):93-110. | |||||
REF 38 | Arriva-ProMetic recombinant alpha 1-antitrypsin (rAAT) moves into the clinic for dermatology applications. ProMetic Life Sciences. 2009. | |||||
REF 39 | rAAt (inhaled) Arriva/Hyland Immuno. Curr Opin Mol Ther. 2006 Feb;8(1):76-82. | |||||
REF 40 | Optimization of the bioprocessing conditions for scale-up of transient production of a heterologous protein in plants using a chemically inducible viral amplicon expression system. Biotechnol Prog. 2009 May-Jun;25(3):722-34. | |||||
REF 41 | Bioreactor strategies for improving production yield and functionality of a recombinant human protein in transgenic tobacco cell cultures. Biotechnol Bioeng. 2009 Feb 1;102(2):508-20. | |||||
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