Target Information
Target General Information | Top | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Target ID |
T00890
(Former ID: TTDI03253)
|
|||||
Target Name |
Hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 3 (HCAR3)
|
|||||
Synonyms |
Nicotinic acid receptor 2; Niacin receptor 2; NIACR2; HM74B; HCA3; GPR109B; G-protein coupled receptor HM74B; G-protein coupled receptor HM74; G-protein coupled receptor 109B
Click to Show/Hide
|
|||||
Gene Name |
HCAR3
|
|||||
Target Type |
Clinical trial target
|
[1] | ||||
Disease | [+] 4 Target-related Diseases | + | ||||
1 | Cardiovascular disease [ICD-11: BA00-BE2Z] | |||||
2 | Hyper-lipoproteinaemia [ICD-11: 5C80] | |||||
3 | Dyslipidemia [ICD-11: 5C80-5C81] | |||||
4 | Psoriasis [ICD-11: EA90] | |||||
Function |
Receptor for 3-OH-octanoid acid mediates a negative feedback regulation of adipocyte lipolysis to counteract prolipolytic influences under conditions of physiological or pathological increases in beta-oxidation rates. Acts as a low affinity receptor for nicotinic acid. This pharmacological effect requires nicotinic acid doses that are much higher than those provided by a normal diet.
Click to Show/Hide
|
|||||
UniProt ID | ||||||
Sequence |
MNRHHLQDHFLEIDKKNCCVFRDDFIAKVLPPVLGLEFIFGLLGNGLALWIFCFHLKSWK
SSRIFLFNLAVADFLLIICLPFVMDYYVRRSDWKFGDIPCRLVLFMFAMNRQGSIIFLTV VAVDRYFRVVHPHHALNKISNWTAAIISCLLWGITVGLTVHLLKKKLLIQNGTANVCISF SICHTFRWHEAMFLLEFFLPLGIILFCSARIIWSLRQRQMDRHAKIKRAITFIMVVAIVF VICFLPSVVVRIHIFWLLHTSGTQNCEVYRSVDLAFFITLSFTYMNSMLDPVVYYFSSPS FPNFFSTLINRCLQRKITGEPDNNRSTSVELTGDPNKTRGAPEALIANSGEPWSPSYLGP TSNNHSKKGHCHQEPASLEKQLGCCIE Click to Show/Hide
|
|||||
3D Structure | Click to Show 3D Structure of This Target | AlphaFold |
Drugs and Modes of Action | Top | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Clinical Trial Drug(s) | [+] 2 Clinical Trial Drugs | + | ||||
1 | ARI-3037MO | Drug Info | Phase 2 | Cardiovascular disease | [1] | |
2 | NIA-114 | Drug Info | Clinical trial | Plaque psoriasis | [2] | |
Mode of Action | [+] 1 Modes of Action | + | ||||
Agonist | [+] 11 Agonist drugs | + | ||||
1 | ARI-3037MO | Drug Info | [1] | |||
2 | NIA-114 | Drug Info | [2] | |||
3 | 2-hydroxyoctanoic acid | Drug Info | [3] | |||
4 | 3-hydroxyoctanoic acid | Drug Info | [3] | |||
5 | 4-(n-propyl)amino-3-nitrobenzoic acid | Drug Info | [4] | |||
6 | 5-methyl-5-(5-methylthiophen-3-yl)-4-oxo-4,5-dihydrofuran-2-carboxylic acid | Drug Info | [5] | |||
7 | D-kynurenine | Drug Info | [6] | |||
8 | D-tryptophan | Drug Info | [6] | |||
9 | IBC 293 | Drug Info | [7] | |||
10 | PMID17358052C5b | Drug Info | [5] | |||
11 | PMID19524438C6o | Drug Info | [8] |
Cell-based Target Expression Variations | Top | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cell-based Target Expression Variations |
Different Human System Profiles of Target | Top |
---|---|
Human Similarity Proteins
of target is determined by comparing the sequence similarity of all human proteins with the target based on BLAST. The similarity proteins for a target are defined as the proteins with E-value < 0.005 and outside the protein families of the target.
A target that has fewer human similarity proteins outside its family is commonly regarded to possess a greater capacity to avoid undesired interactions and thus increase the possibility of finding successful drugs
(Brief Bioinform, 21: 649-662, 2020).
Human Tissue Distribution
of target is determined from a proteomics study that quantified more than 12,000 genes across 32 normal human tissues. Tissue Specificity (TS) score was used to define the enrichment of target across tissues.
The distribution of targets among different tissues or organs need to be taken into consideration when assessing the target druggability, as it is generally accepted that the wider the target distribution, the greater the concern over potential adverse effects
(Nat Rev Drug Discov, 20: 64-81, 2021).
Human Pathway Affiliation
of target is determined by the life-essential pathways provided on KEGG database. The target-affiliated pathways were defined based on the following two criteria (a) the pathways of the studied target should be life-essential for both healthy individuals and patients, and (b) the studied target should occupy an upstream position in the pathways and therefore had the ability to regulate biological function.
Targets involved in a fewer pathways have greater likelihood to be successfully developed, while those associated with more human pathways increase the chance of undesirable interferences with other human processes
(Pharmacol Rev, 58: 259-279, 2006).
Human Similarity Proteins
Human Tissue Distribution
Human Pathway Affiliation
|
Protein Name | Pfam ID | Percentage of Identity (%) | E value |
---|---|---|---|
Olfactory receptor 4C16 (OR4C16) | 24.837 (38/153) | 5.00E-03 |
Note:
If a protein has TS (tissue specficity) scores at least in one tissue >= 2.5, this protein is called tissue-enriched (including tissue-enriched-but-not-specific and tissue-specific). In the plots, the vertical lines are at thresholds 2.5 and 4.
|
KEGG Pathway | Pathway ID | Affiliated Target | Pathway Map |
---|---|---|---|
cAMP signaling pathway | hsa04024 | Affiliated Target |
|
Class: Environmental Information Processing => Signal transduction | Pathway Hierarchy |
Chemical Structure based Activity Landscape of Target | Top |
---|---|
Drug Property Profile of Target | Top | |
---|---|---|
(1) Molecular Weight (mw) based Drug Clustering | (2) Octanol/Water Partition Coefficient (xlogp) based Drug Clustering | |
|
||
(3) Hydrogen Bond Donor Count (hbonddonor) based Drug Clustering | (4) Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count (hbondacc) based Drug Clustering | |
|
||
(5) Rotatable Bond Count (rotbonds) based Drug Clustering | (6) Topological Polar Surface Area (polararea) based Drug Clustering | |
|
||
"RO5" indicates the cutoff set by lipinski's rule of five; "D123AB" colored in GREEN denotes the no violation of any cutoff in lipinski's rule of five; "D123AB" colored in PURPLE refers to the violation of only one cutoff in lipinski's rule of five; "D123AB" colored in BLACK represents the violation of more than one cutoffs in lipinski's rule of five |
Target Poor or Non Binders | Top | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Target Poor or Non Binders |
References | Top | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
REF 1 | Clinical pipeline report, company report or official report of the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA) | |||||
REF 2 | Clinical pipeline report, company report or official report of the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA) | |||||
REF 3 | Deorphanization of GPR109B as a receptor for the beta-oxidation intermediate 3-OH-octanoic acid and its role in the regulation of lipolysis. J Biol Chem. 2009 Aug 14;284(33):21928-33. | |||||
REF 4 | 3-Nitro-4-amino benzoic acids and 6-amino nicotinic acids are highly selective agonists of GPR109b. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2007 Dec 1;17(23):6619-22. | |||||
REF 5 | Analogues of acifran: agonists of the high and low affinity niacin receptors, GPR109a and GPR109b. J Med Chem. 2007 Apr 5;50(7):1445-8. | |||||
REF 6 | Aromatic D-amino acids act as chemoattractant factors for human leukocytes through a G protein-coupled receptor, GPR109B. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009 Mar 10;106(10):3930-4. | |||||
REF 7 | 1-Alkyl-benzotriazole-5-carboxylic acids are highly selective agonists of the human orphan G-protein-coupled receptor GPR109b. J Med Chem. 2006 Feb 23;49(4):1227-30. | |||||
REF 8 | 5-N,N-Disubstituted 5-aminopyrazole-3-carboxylic acids are highly potent agonists of GPR109b. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2009 Aug 1;19(15):4207-9. |
If You Find Any Error in Data or Bug in Web Service, Please Kindly Report It to Dr. Zhou and Dr. Zhang.