Target Information
| Target General Information | Top | |||||
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| Target ID |
T62705
(Former ID: TTDR01123)
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| Target Name |
Inducible T-cell costimulator (ICOS)
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| Synonyms |
Inducible costimulator; Inducible T-cell co-stimulator; Inducible COSTIMULATOR precursor; CD278; Activation-inducible lymphocyte immunomediatory molecule; AILIM
Click to Show/Hide
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| Gene Name |
ICOS
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| Target Type |
Clinical trial target
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[1] | ||||
| Disease | [+] 2 Target-related Diseases | + | ||||
| 1 | Solid tumour/cancer [ICD-11: 2A00-2F9Z] | |||||
| 2 | Lupus erythematosus [ICD-11: 4A40] | |||||
| Function |
Essential both for efficient interaction between T and B-cells and for normal antibody responses to T-cell dependent antigens. Does not up-regulate the production of interleukin-2, but superinduces the synthesis of interleukin-10. Prevents the apoptosis of pre-activated T-cells. Plays a critical role in CD40-mediated class switching of immunoglobin isotypes. Enhances all basic T-cell responses to a foreign antigen, namely proliferation, secretion of lymphokines, up-regulation of molecules that mediate cell-cell interaction, and effective help for antibody secretion by B-cells.
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| BioChemical Class |
Immunoglobulin
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| UniProt ID | ||||||
| Sequence |
MKSGLWYFFLFCLRIKVLTGEINGSANYEMFIFHNGGVQILCKYPDIVQQFKMQLLKGGQ
ILCDLTKTKGSGNTVSIKSLKFCHSQLSNNSVSFFLYNLDHSHANYYFCNLSIFDPPPFK VTLTGGYLHIYESQLCCQLKFWLPIGCAAFVVVCILGCILICWLTKKKYSSSVHDPNGEY MFMRAVNTAKKSRLTDVTL Click to Show/Hide
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| 3D Structure | Click to Show 3D Structure of This Target | AlphaFold | ||||
| Drugs and Modes of Action | Top | |||||
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| Clinical Trial Drug(s) | [+] 4 Clinical Trial Drugs | + | ||||
| 1 | JTX-2011 | Drug Info | Phase 2 | Solid tumour/cancer | [1], [2] | |
| 2 | KY1044 | Drug Info | Phase 1/2 | Solid tumour/cancer | [3] | |
| 3 | MEDI-570 | Drug Info | Phase 1 | Systemic lupus erythematosus | [4] | |
| 4 | XmAb23104 | Drug Info | Phase 1 | Solid tumour/cancer | [5] | |
| Mode of Action | [+] 3 Modes of Action | + | ||||
| Agonist | [+] 1 Agonist drugs | + | ||||
| 1 | JTX-2011 | Drug Info | [1], [2] | |||
| Inhibitor | [+] 1 Inhibitor drugs | + | ||||
| 1 | KY1044 | Drug Info | [6] | |||
| Modulator | [+] 1 Modulator drugs | + | ||||
| 1 | MEDI-570 | Drug Info | [7] | |||
| Cell-based Target Expression Variations | Top | |||||
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| Cell-based Target Expression Variations | ||||||
| Different Human System Profiles of Target | Top |
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Human Similarity Proteins
of target is determined by comparing the sequence similarity of all human proteins with the target based on BLAST. The similarity proteins for a target are defined as the proteins with E-value < 0.005 and outside the protein families of the target.
A target that has fewer human similarity proteins outside its family is commonly regarded to possess a greater capacity to avoid undesired interactions and thus increase the possibility of finding successful drugs
(Brief Bioinform, 21: 649-662, 2020).
Human Pathway Affiliation
of target is determined by the life-essential pathways provided on KEGG database. The target-affiliated pathways were defined based on the following two criteria (a) the pathways of the studied target should be life-essential for both healthy individuals and patients, and (b) the studied target should occupy an upstream position in the pathways and therefore had the ability to regulate biological function.
Targets involved in a fewer pathways have greater likelihood to be successfully developed, while those associated with more human pathways increase the chance of undesirable interferences with other human processes
(Pharmacol Rev, 58: 259-279, 2006).
Human Similarity Proteins
Human Pathway Affiliation
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There is no similarity protein (E value < 0.005) for this target
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| KEGG Pathway | Pathway ID | Affiliated Target | Pathway Map |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cell adhesion molecules | hsa04514 | Affiliated Target |
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| Class: Environmental Information Processing => Signaling molecules and interaction | Pathway Hierarchy | ||
| T cell receptor signaling pathway | hsa04660 | Affiliated Target |
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| Class: Organismal Systems => Immune system | Pathway Hierarchy | ||
| Intestinal immune network for IgA production | hsa04672 | Affiliated Target |
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| Class: Organismal Systems => Immune system | Pathway Hierarchy | ||
| Target Regulators | Top | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Target-regulating microRNAs | ||||||
| Target Affiliated Biological Pathways | Top | |||||
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| KEGG Pathway | [+] 4 KEGG Pathways | + | ||||
| 1 | Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) | |||||
| 2 | T cell receptor signaling pathway | |||||
| 3 | Intestinal immune network for IgA production | |||||
| 4 | Primary immunodeficiency | |||||
| NetPath Pathway | [+] 1 NetPath Pathways | + | ||||
| 1 | TGF_beta_Receptor Signaling Pathway | |||||
| WikiPathways | [+] 1 WikiPathways | + | ||||
| 1 | TCR Signaling Pathway | |||||
| References | Top | |||||
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| REF 1 | Clinical pipeline report, company report or official report of the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA) | |||||
| REF 2 | Clinical pipeline report, company report or official report of the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA) | |||||
| REF 3 | ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03829501) Safety and Efficacy of KY1044 and Atezolizumab in Advanced Cancer. U.S. National Institutes of Health. | |||||
| REF 4 | ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01127321) A Safety and Tolerability Study of MEDI-570 in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. U.S. National Institutes of Health. | |||||
| REF 5 | ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03752398) A Study of XmAb23104 in Subjects With Selected Advanced Solid Tumors (DUET-3) (DUET-3). U.S. National Institutes of Health. | |||||
| REF 6 | Clinical pipeline report, company report or official report of Kymab. | |||||
| REF 7 | B-cell targeted therapeutics in clinical development. Arthritis Res Ther. 2013;15 Suppl 1:S4. | |||||
| REF 8 | Clinical pipeline report, company report or official report of Xencor. | |||||
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