Target Information
| Target General Information | Top | |||||
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| Target ID |
T32240
(Former ID: TTDC00251)
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| Target Name |
Interleukin-15 (IL15)
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| Synonyms |
IL-15
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| Gene Name |
IL15
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| Target Type |
Clinical trial target
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[1] | ||||
| Disease | [+] 5 Target-related Diseases | + | ||||
| 1 | Coeliac disease [ICD-11: DA95] | |||||
| 2 | Mature T-cell lymphoma [ICD-11: 2A90] | |||||
| 3 | Mycosis fungoides [ICD-11: 2B01] | |||||
| 4 | Solid tumour/cancer [ICD-11: 2A00-2F9Z] | |||||
| 5 | Human immunodeficiency virus disease [ICD-11: 1C60-1C62] | |||||
| Function |
Stimulation by IL15 requires interaction of IL15 with components of the IL2 receptor, including IL2RB and probably IL2RG but not IL2RA. In neutrophils, stimulates phagocytosis probably by signaling through the IL15 receptor, composed of the subunits IL15RA, IL2RB and IL2RG, which results in kinase SYK activation. Cytokine that stimulates the proliferation of T-lymphocytes.
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| BioChemical Class |
Cytokine: interleukin
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| UniProt ID | ||||||
| Sequence |
MRISKPHLRSISIQCYLCLLLNSHFLTEAGIHVFILGCFSAGLPKTEANWVNVISDLKKI
EDLIQSMHIDATLYTESDVHPSCKVTAMKCFLLELQVISLESGDASIHDTVENLIILANN SLSSNGNVTESGCKECEELEEKNIKEFLQSFVHIVQMFINTS Click to Show/Hide
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| 3D Structure | Click to Show 3D Structure of This Target | AlphaFold | ||||
| Drugs and Modes of Action | Top | |||||
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| Clinical Trial Drug(s) | [+] 5 Clinical Trial Drugs | + | ||||
| 1 | AMG-714 | Drug Info | Phase 2 | Coeliac disease | [2] | |
| 2 | BNZ-1 | Drug Info | Phase 2 | Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma | [3] | |
| 3 | SAR445877 | Drug Info | Phase 2 | Aggressive cancer | [4] | |
| 4 | N-803 | Drug Info | Phase 1 | Human immunodeficiency virus infection | [5] | |
| 5 | PF-07209960 | Drug Info | Phase 1 | Aggressive cancer | [6] | |
| Mode of Action | [+] 3 Modes of Action | + | ||||
| Inhibitor | [+] 1 Inhibitor drugs | + | ||||
| 1 | BNZ-1 | Drug Info | [7] | |||
| Agonist | [+] 1 Agonist drugs | + | ||||
| 1 | N-803 | Drug Info | [9] | |||
| Activator | [+] 1 Activator drugs | + | ||||
| 1 | PF-07209960 | Drug Info | [6] | |||
| Cell-based Target Expression Variations | Top | |||||
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| Cell-based Target Expression Variations | ||||||
| Different Human System Profiles of Target | Top |
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Human Similarity Proteins
of target is determined by comparing the sequence similarity of all human proteins with the target based on BLAST. The similarity proteins for a target are defined as the proteins with E-value < 0.005 and outside the protein families of the target.
A target that has fewer human similarity proteins outside its family is commonly regarded to possess a greater capacity to avoid undesired interactions and thus increase the possibility of finding successful drugs
(Brief Bioinform, 21: 649-662, 2020).
Human Pathway Affiliation
of target is determined by the life-essential pathways provided on KEGG database. The target-affiliated pathways were defined based on the following two criteria (a) the pathways of the studied target should be life-essential for both healthy individuals and patients, and (b) the studied target should occupy an upstream position in the pathways and therefore had the ability to regulate biological function.
Targets involved in a fewer pathways have greater likelihood to be successfully developed, while those associated with more human pathways increase the chance of undesirable interferences with other human processes
(Pharmacol Rev, 58: 259-279, 2006).
Biological Network Descriptors
of target is determined based on a human protein-protein interactions (PPI) network consisting of 9,309 proteins and 52,713 PPIs, which were with a high confidence score of ≥ 0.95 collected from STRING database.
The network properties of targets based on protein-protein interactions (PPIs) have been widely adopted for the assessment of target’s druggability. Proteins with high node degree tend to have a high impact on network function through multiple interactions, while proteins with high betweenness centrality are regarded to be central for communication in interaction networks and regulate the flow of signaling information
(Front Pharmacol, 9, 1245, 2018;
Curr Opin Struct Biol. 44:134-142, 2017).
Human Similarity Proteins
Human Pathway Affiliation
Biological Network Descriptors
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There is no similarity protein (E value < 0.005) for this target
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| KEGG Pathway | Pathway ID | Affiliated Target | Pathway Map |
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| Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction | hsa04060 | Affiliated Target |
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| Class: Environmental Information Processing => Signaling molecules and interaction | Pathway Hierarchy | ||
| JAK-STAT signaling pathway | hsa04630 | Affiliated Target |
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| Class: Environmental Information Processing => Signal transduction | Pathway Hierarchy | ||
| TNF signaling pathway | hsa04668 | Affiliated Target |
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| Class: Environmental Information Processing => Signal transduction | Pathway Hierarchy | ||
| Intestinal immune network for IgA production | hsa04672 | Affiliated Target |
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| Class: Organismal Systems => Immune system | Pathway Hierarchy | ||
| Degree | 3 | Degree centrality | 3.22E-04 | Betweenness centrality | 6.24E-07 |
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| Closeness centrality | 1.89E-01 | Radiality | 1.32E+01 | Clustering coefficient | 3.33E-01 |
| Neighborhood connectivity | 2.03E+01 | Topological coefficient | 4.17E-01 | Eccentricity | 12 |
| Download | Click to Download the Full PPI Network of This Target | ||||
| Target Profiles in Patients | Top | |||||
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| Target Expression Profile (TEP) | ||||||
| Target Affiliated Biological Pathways | Top | |||||
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| KEGG Pathway | [+] 7 KEGG Pathways | + | ||||
| 1 | Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction | |||||
| 2 | Jak-STAT signaling pathway | |||||
| 3 | TNF signaling pathway | |||||
| 4 | Intestinal immune network for IgA production | |||||
| 5 | HTLV-I infection | |||||
| 6 | Herpes simplex infection | |||||
| 7 | Rheumatoid arthritis | |||||
| NetPath Pathway | [+] 3 NetPath Pathways | + | ||||
| 1 | TCR Signaling Pathway | |||||
| 2 | FSH Signaling Pathway | |||||
| 3 | Leptin Signaling Pathway | |||||
| Panther Pathway | [+] 1 Panther Pathways | + | ||||
| 1 | Interleukin signaling pathway | |||||
| WikiPathways | [+] 1 WikiPathways | + | ||||
| 1 | Cytokines and Inflammatory Response | |||||
| Target-Related Models and Studies | Top | |||||
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| Target Validation | ||||||
| References | Top | |||||
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| REF 1 | Emerging drugs for rheumatoid arthritis. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs. 2008 Mar;13(1):175-96. | |||||
| REF 2 | Clinical pipeline report, company report or official report of the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA) | |||||
| REF 3 | Clinical pipeline report, company report or official report of the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA) | |||||
| REF 4 | ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05584670) A Phase 1/2, Open Label, First-in-human, Dose Escalation and Expansion Study for the Evaluation of Safety, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, and Anti-tumor Activity of SAR445877 Administered as Monotherapy in Adults With Advanced Solid Tumors. U.S.National Institutes of Health. | |||||
| REF 5 | ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04808908) Effect of N-803 on B Cell Follicles in Antiretroviral Treated HIV Disease. U.S. National Institutes of Health. | |||||
| REF 6 | ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04628780) A PHASE 1 DOSE ESCALATION AND EXPANSION STUDY TO EVALUATE SAFETY, TOLERABILITY, PHARMACOKINETIC, PHARMACODYNAMIC, AND ANTI-TUMOR ACTIVITY OF PF-07209960 IN PARTICIPANTS WITH ADVANCED OR METASTATIC SOLID TUMORS. U.S.National Institutes of Health. | |||||
| REF 7 | Clinical pipeline report, company report or official report of Bioniz Therapeutics. | |||||
| REF 8 | Clinical pipeline report, company report or official report of Sanofi | |||||
| REF 9 | The human IL-15 superagonist N-803 promotes migration of virus-specific CD8+ T and NK cells to B cell follicles but does not reverse latency in ART-suppressed, SHIV-infected macaques. PLoS Pathog. 2020 Mar 12;16(3):e1008339. | |||||
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