Drug Information
| Drug General Information | Top | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Drug ID |
D0IT2G
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| Former ID |
DAP000007
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| Drug Name |
Dexamethasone
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| Synonyms |
Adexone; Anaflogistico; Aphtasolon; Aphthasolone; Auxiron; Azium; Calonat; Corson; Corsone; Cortisumman; DXM; Decacort; Decacortin; Decaderm; Decadron; Decagel; Decaject; Decalix; Decameth; Decasone; Decaspray; Dectancyl; Dekacort; Deltafluorene; Dergramin; Deronil; Desadrene; Desametasone; Desamethasone; Desameton; Deseronil; Dexacort; Dexacortal; Dexacortin; Dexadeltone; Dexafarma; Dexair; Dexalona; Dexaltin; Dexametasona; Dexameth; Dexamethansone; Dexamethasonum; Dexamethazone; Dexamonozon; Dexapolcort; Dexaprol; Dexason; Dexasone; Dexinolon; Dexinoral; Dexone; Dexonium; Dexpak; Dextelan; Dezone; Dinormon; Dxms; Fluormethylprednisolone; Fluormone; Fluorocort; Fortecortin; Gammacorten; Hexadecadrol; Hexadrol; IontoDex; Loverine; Luxazone; Maxidex; Mediamethasone; Methylfluorprednisolone; Mexidex; Millicorten; Mymethasone; Oradexon; Policort; Posurdex; Prodex; Spoloven; Superprednol; Turbinaire; Visumetazone; Alcon Brand of Dexamethasone; Bisu DS; Desametasone [DCIT]; Dexa Mamallet; Dexamethasone Base; Dexamethasone Intensol; Dexamethasone alcohol; ECR Brand of Dexamethasone; Foy Brand of Dexamethasone; Hexadrol Elixir; Hexadrol Tablets; ICN Brand of Dexamethasone; Lokalison F; Merck Brand of Dexamethasone; Pet Derm III; Prednisolon F; Prednisolone F; Sunia Sol D; Dexone 4; MK 125; Merz Brand 1 of Dexamethasone; Merz Brand 2 of Dexamethasone; Aeroseb-D; Aeroseb-Dex; Azium (Veterinary); Decadron (TN); Decadron Tablets, Elixir; Decadron, Dexamethasone; Decadron-LA; Dex-ide; Dexa-Cortidelt;Dexa-Cortisyl; Dexa-Mamallet; Dexa-Scheroson; Dexa-sine; Dexacen-4; Dexametasona [INN-Spanish]; Dexamethasonum [INN-Latin]; Dexone 0.5; Dexone 0.75; Dexone 1.5; Hl-dex; Isopto-Dex; OTO-104; Ocu-trol;Pet-Derm Iii; SK-Dexamethasone; Decaject L.A.; Dexamethasone [INN:BAN:JAN]; Decaject-L.A.; Dexamethasone (JP15/USP/INN); Delta1-9alpha-Fluoro-16alpha-methylcortisol; Delta(sup 1)-9-alpha-Fluoro-16-alpha-methylcortisol; (3H)-Dexamethasone; 1-Dehydro-16.alpha.-methyl-9.alpha.-fluorohydrocortisone; 1-Dehydro-16alpha-methyl-9alpha-fluorohydrocortisone; 16-alpha-Methyl-9-alpha-fluoro-1-dehydrocortisol; 16-alpha-Methyl-9-alpha-fluoro-delta(sup 1)-hydrocortisone; 16-alpha-Methyl-9-alpha-fluoro-delta1-hydrocortisone; 16-alpha-Methyl-9-alpha-fluoroprednisolone; 16.alpha.-Methyl-9.alpha.-fluoro-1-dehydrocortisol; 16.alpha.-Methyl-9.alpha.-fluoroprednisolone; 16alpha-Methyl-9alpha-fluoro-1-dehydrocortisol; 16alpha-Methyl-9alpha-fluoro-delta(sup 1)-hydrocortisone; 16alpha-Methyl-9alpha-fluoroprednisolone; 9-alpha-Fluoro-16-alpha-methylprednisolone; 9.alpha.-Fluoro-16.alpha.-methylprednisolone; 9A-FLUORO-16BETA-METHYLPREDNISOLONE; 9alpha-Fluoro-16alpha-methylprednisolone
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| Drug Type |
Small molecular drug
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| Indication | Rheumatoid arthritis [ICD-11: FA20] | Approved | [1], [2] | |
| Therapeutic Class |
Antiinflammatory Agents
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| Company |
Swiss Pharma
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| Structure |
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Download2D MOL |
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| Formula |
C22H29FO5
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| Canonical SMILES |
CC1CC2C3CCC4=CC(=O)C=CC4(C3(C(CC2(C1(C(=O)CO)O)C)O)F)C
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| InChI |
1S/C22H29FO5/c1-12-8-16-15-5-4-13-9-14(25)6-7-19(13,2)21(15,23)17(26)10-20(16,3)22(12,28)18(27)11-24/h6-7,9,12,15-17,24,26,28H,4-5,8,10-11H2,1-3H3/t12-,15+,16+,17+,19+,20+,21+,22+/m1/s1
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| InChIKey |
UREBDLICKHMUKA-CXSFZGCWSA-N
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| CAS Number |
CAS 50-02-2
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| PubChem Compound ID | ||||
| PubChem Substance ID |
92119, 826237, 3139826, 7847358, 7886976, 7979050, 8153522, 11404360, 11407459, 11538018, 12012603, 12159186, 14805313, 14805314, 17389945, 17396633, 24715018, 24858929, 24869878, 24893536, 24893906, 24894040, 24894235, 24894273, 26512303, 26697309, 26752876, 26752877, 26752878, 29224780, 46508930, 46518313, 47869197, 48168902, 48317943, 48413526, 48415859, 48421979, 48425029, 49833223, 49857282, 50105496, 53788392, 56310707, 56310751, 56310762, 56310790, 56310884, 56310970, 56311304
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| ChEBI ID |
CHEBI:41879
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| ADReCS Drug ID | BADD_D00623 | |||
| SuperDrug ATC ID |
A01AC02; C05AA09; D07AB19; D07XB05; D10AA03; H02AB02; R01AD03; S01BA01; S01CB01; S02BA06; S03BA01
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| SuperDrug CAS ID |
cas=000050022
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| Interaction between the Drug and Microbe | Top | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| The Metabolism of Drug Affected by Studied Microbe(s) | ||||
| The Order in the Taxonomic Hierarchy of the following Microbe(s): Bacteroidales | ||||
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Studied Microbe: Bacteroides dorei DSM 17855
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[3] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Experimental Method | High-throughput screening | |||
| Description | Dexamethasone can be metabolized by Bacteroides dorei DSM 17855 (log2FC = -0.511; p = 0.006). | |||
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Studied Microbe: Bacteroides fragilis ATCC43859
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|
[3] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Experimental Method | High-throughput screening | |||
| Description | Dexamethasone can be metabolized by Bacteroides fragilis ATCC43859 (log2FC = -0.632; p = 0.016). | |||
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Studied Microbe: Bacteroides fragilis HMW 610
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|
[3] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Experimental Method | High-throughput screening | |||
| Description | Dexamethasone can be metabolized by Bacteroides fragilis HMW 610 (log2FC = -0.551; p = 0.023). | |||
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Studied Microbe: Bacteroides fragilis str. DS-208
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|
[3] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Experimental Method | High-throughput screening | |||
| Description | Dexamethasone can be metabolized by Bacteroides fragilis str. DS-208 (log2FC = -0.475; p = 0.009). | |||
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Studied Microbe: Bacteroides stercoris ATCC 43183
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|
[3] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Experimental Method | High-throughput screening | |||
| Description | Dexamethasone can be metabolized by Bacteroides stercoris ATCC 43183 (log2FC = -0.336; p = 0.029). | |||
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Studied Microbe: Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron VPI-5482
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|
[3] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Experimental Method | High-throughput screening | |||
| Description | Dexamethasone can be metabolized by Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron VPI-5482 (log2FC = -0.363; p = 0.031). | |||
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Studied Microbe: Bacteroides uniformis ATCC 8492
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|
[3] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Experimental Method | High-throughput screening | |||
| Description | Dexamethasone can be metabolized by Bacteroides uniformis ATCC 8492 (log2FC = -0.613; p = 0.034). | |||
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Studied Microbe: Bacteroides xylanisolvens DSM18836
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|
[3] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Experimental Method | High-throughput screening | |||
| Description | Dexamethasone can be metabolized by Bacteroides xylanisolvens DSM18836 (log2FC = -0.362; p = 0.039). | |||
| The Order in the Taxonomic Hierarchy of the following Microbe(s): Eubacteriales | ||||
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Studied Microbe: Clostridium scindens
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|
[4] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Metabolic Reaction | Dexamethasone side chain cleavage | |||
| Description | Dexamethasone can be metabolized by Clostridium scindens through dexamethasone side chain cleavage. | |||
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Studied Microbe: Clostridium scindens ATCC 35704
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|
[3] | |||
| Hierarchy | ||||
| Experimental Method | High-throughput screening | |||
| Description | Dexamethasone can be metabolized by Clostridium scindens ATCC 35704 (log2FC = -6.605; p = 0.006). | |||
| The Order in the Taxonomic Hierarchy of the following Microbe(s): Gut microbiota | ||||
| Studied Microbe: Gut microbiota unspecific | [5] | |||
| Metabolic Reaction | 17,20-desmolysis | |||
| Experimental Method | High-throughput screening | |||
| Description | Dexamethasone can be metabolized by gut microbiota through 17,20-desmolysis. | |||
| Studied Microbe: Gut microbiota unspecific | [6] | |||
| Description | Dexamethasone can be metabolized by gut microbiota. | |||
| Target and Pathway | Top | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Target(s) | Glucocorticoid receptor (NR3C1) | Target Info | Agonist | [7], [8] |
| KEGG Pathway | Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction | |||
| NetPath Pathway | IL2 Signaling Pathway | |||
| TCR Signaling Pathway | ||||
| Pathway Interaction Database | Regulation of nuclear SMAD2/3 signaling | |||
| Signaling events mediated by HDAC Class II | ||||
| FOXA2 and FOXA3 transcription factor networks | ||||
| Glucocorticoid receptor regulatory network | ||||
| Regulation of Androgen receptor activity | ||||
| AP-1 transcription factor network | ||||
| Reactome | BMAL1:CLOCK,NPAS2 activates circadian gene expression | |||
| WikiPathways | Serotonin Receptor 4/6/7 and NR3C Signaling | |||
| SIDS Susceptibility Pathways | ||||
| Nuclear Receptors Meta-Pathway | ||||
| Endoderm Differentiation | ||||
| Hair Follicle Development: Cytodifferentiation (Part 3 of 3) | ||||
| Adipogenesis | ||||
| Circadian Clock | ||||
| Nuclear Receptors | ||||
| References | Top | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| REF 1 | URL: http://www.guidetopharmacology.org Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Oct 12. pii: gkv1037. The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY in 2016: towards curated quantitative interactions between 1300 protein targets and 6000 ligands. (Ligand id: 3447). | |||
| REF 2 | Emerging drugs for idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura in adults. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs. 2008 Jun;13(2):237-54. | |||
| REF 3 | Mapping human microbiome drug metabolism by gut bacteria and their genes. Nature. 2019 Jun;570(7762):462-467. | |||
| REF 4 | Emerging Insights on the Interaction Between Anticancer and Immunosuppressant Drugs and Intestinal Microbiota in Pediatric Patients. Clin Transl Sci. 2020 Mar;13(2):238-259. | |||
| REF 5 | Personalized Mapping of Drug Metabolism by the Human Gut Microbiome. Cell. 2020 Jun 25;181(7):1661-1679.e22. | |||
| REF 6 | Synthesis and in vitro properties of dexamethasone 21-sulfate sodium as a colon-specific prodrug of dexamethasone. Drug Dev Ind Pharm. 2006 Mar;32(3):389-97. | |||
| REF 7 | Interaction between the glucocorticoid and erythropoietin receptors in human erythroid cells. Exp Hematol. 2009 May;37(5):559-72. | |||
| REF 8 | Functional mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) gene variation influences the cortisol awakening response after dexamethasone. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2010 Apr;35(3):339-49. | |||
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